First, a sociology essays should have a sociological perspective. What exactly does it mean? It involves the use of sociological theories to understand and explain the social world; it allows the writer to question assumptions and look at the social world as an object of scientific study; and it uses sociological concepts and terminology in the discussion. A sociological perspective, when used in the essay translates to being able to stand outside of one’s social world and look at it from a different point of view in order to look at it objectively as one does in a scientific study. In order to achieve this, the student will be applying the three previously mentioned characteristics of a sociological perspective because:

• Sociological theory is referred to in order to understand social phenomena. There are three main strands in sociological theory: Functionalism, Marxism and Critical Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism. These are further branched out into various combinations and subgroups. One of the functions of sociologists is to examine social interactions and institutions in terms of the social power and political forces influencing it. Politics is involved because it explains who has the power over others, who controls what, who does not have it. These social factors then shape or determine to some extent the behaviors of a group or individual.

• The student will have to question his or her own preconceived notions, ideas and assumptions. In order to better understand the sociological nature of other groups to which the researcher does not belong, he or she needs to be able to momentarily step outside his or her own ideological framework and see everyday and ordinary things to him as unfamiliar so the student can make it an object of a scientific study.

• The student will apply sociological concepts and terminology into familiar phenomena. Every field of study has its own jargon, which experts in this field use to describe or give meaning to phenomena. Students will have to familiarize themselves with the terminologies used in the study of sociology before they are able to explore a particular question. In addition to terms used exclusively in Sociology, there are also common words which are assigned different meanings when used in the context of Sociology.

How to make friends is how to make our social life better. You can start making friends by making conversation better. You talk to many people everyday. I mean you don’t tell a lie but you show your care to others. You can ask how your friend’s mother is.

 Why someone is impressed when we are talking and leave him pleased is a sign of constructive conversation. A good speaker never monopolizes the conversation. One who always interrupts and argues about anything is annoying.

            Making conversation is different from negotiating a business prospect. It exchanges information, feeling, and ideas. Sometime we need practice small talks to build better communication. For someone we know well and we often meet we can ask “I’m pleased, I ‘ve got no traffic jam, it is like riding on my own street, how about you?” this small talk helps us to build more comfortable situation to talk other topics or to discuss a business matter. Think about a little thing you can start with to pay someone attention that make comfortable situation.

            These are some habits that make conversation end in displeased.

-          Talk about something when we are clearly uninformed.

-          Tend to monopolize.

-          Interrupt very often.

-          Jump from one question to another before the first question is answered.

-          Exaggerate comments.

-          Talk about details in informal meeting.

-          Do gossiping.

-          Talk about yourself, family, achievement, and interest continuously.

-           Say” you are incorrect, you are wrong, you are not good”

-          Show lack interest on others.

      To test how good we are “Let’s practice” to speak to a new person or a person you seldom make conversation with everyday. See how his/ her reaction next day! Well he /she feels pleased or displeased meeting you? Does he / she want to make conversation over again?

            Have you ever realized how many times in a day you engage in conversation, once, twice, three times, or more than five times? Let’s try to practice this. Cool and warm conversation helps us make friend. Some people enjoy making conversation but the others think it is a battle to win.

            A good conversation will leave pleased to the person whom you talk to. The problem is how you can be sure that someone whom you talk to feel pleased. There are many unwritten aspects that can make conversation considered successful. Have you become a good listener? It is one of the aspects.

            Being a good listener doesn’t mean that you merely listen to the people are saying. A good listener is not a person who keeps silent all time. You listen carefully and give good remarks on others. You can use facial expressions of surprise, interest, sadness, and pleasure. You also take the opportunity to pitch our ideas and opinion that are relevant to the topic. One thing you should remember is not to interrupt when you want to give your comments. You had better look for the opportunity when the best time is. Giving remarks has different meaning from judging. Many people do not like being judged.

            The aim of the conversation is to exchange information, ideas, and thought. When someone feel pleased speak with you, let’s see, he / she will consider you a friend. He / she will enjoy meeting you and keep in his/ her mind that talking with you makes him/her happy.

                  You cannot avoid being hurt if you make friends but you don’t have to hate them. You have to be patient. You have to show your empathy to friends whoever and whatever they are. How to make conversation better is fun activity to make friends and make good social life.   

Pretty cool for a company to do, am I right? Even if it will obviously harm them if it passes. It’s still pretty cool to see the anti-SOPA support all over the internet! Leave your thoughts below on this subject. Do you think the bill will pass? What do you think will happen? Any thoughts are welcome!

Also, share this news with your friends! So share this article, comment  below your thoughts, and a “like” wouldn’t hurt! Thank you!

I have applied for 50+ jobs since I started jobseekers in June. Over half of them never got back to me, the few that did told me I needed more experience.

I stayed on at school and I really struggled with my studies. So in order to do well I put all my effort into revision for exams. Not that it made much difference as I tend to panic during exams. When I was in college getting more Highers, I felt the lecturers were teaching the subjects in a way I understood and I was doing well. So I got a part time job at a small joke and gag shop in town, which was managed by my best friend’s dad. I was there for just 4 months before head office shut us down.

Then I went through a rough time suffering from depression, so obviously I didn’t apply for anything then. I mean who would want to employ someone who was trying to end their own life? No one. I didn’t start applying for anything till I felt I could handle it. IS that not fair?

I swear to the goddess the next time I hear someone say I need more experience I will explode. How can a teenagers get experience if no one is willing to let them try?

I mean I’m a fast learner and easily adaptable. I may be shy at first but once I settle in I’m fine. Who isn’t a tiny bit unsettled and intimidated when startng a new job?

Come on folks. When you are employing new people think about what they are like underneath the nervous exterior. Ask yourselves is it really logical to ask someone under 20 to have “more experience” when they’ve been studying their ass off to get good grades?! No.

So this is a plea to employers around the world. Give young people a chance.

Scale is a device by which we measure things.

Various kinds of such scales are used for measuring the physical phenomena that is temperature is measured by thermometer in degrees,height is measured by tape in inches or feet etc.

Not only there are different scales for measuring different things,there are things that are scalable.In social phenomena there are two kinds of facts known as attributes and variables respectively.

Variables are those facts that can be measured directly or which standard scales have already been provided.Thus for example the number of males and females ,the height and weight of a boy,the age or income of a person.

There are other facts as that can not be put to direct measurement.These are complex factors like social status,standard of living,personality or abstract things like attitude or opinion of a person.

In social phenomena most of the facts are qualitative in nature and are not subject to direct measurement.Qualitative measurements are mostly subjective in nature and may differ from person to person.They hardly give any precise idea about the state of affairs.

The quantitative description affords objective measurement and the exact magnitude of the problem can be known.It is helpful in further analysis of the problem.All sorts of further analysis is essentially mathematical and require the problem to be expressed in numbers.Various kinds of statistical measures can be used when the data can be expressed quantitatively.

In social sciences effort for quantitative measurement are being tried in form of various sociometric scales.As science improves more and more research is carried out we will get more perfect knowledge of the variable factors involved,grade,classify and ultimately measure them independently.When inherent factors have been measured the measurement of the whole phenomena does not remain an impossibility.

Sociologists view social problems as problems arising out of the functioning of systems and structures in society or which are the result of group influences. They also concern themselves with social relationships which emerge and sustained due to social problems.Most sociologists study social problems because of the practical interest of the community rather than for building a theory or filling up the theoretical gaps. According to Kolb as regards to the bias it is true that their orientation and their values can influence their study of social problems yet they try to interpret facts without any distortion.

While studying social problems ,some sociologists think that the only role of a sociologist is that of an analyst that is he is to understand social problems but not take interest in their solution.Others think that a sociologist has not only to study social problems but has to devise ways and means to correct them.Knowledge cannot be detached completely from concerted corrective action.It has to be used in alleviating social problems.

The central concerns of sociology are order and change. While sociologists have always been involved in analyzing and understanding established practices they have to be called upon to suggest new structures and new practices.There should be direct action in public policies on the part of the sociologists.

The sociologists role in social problems is to create an awarness about the social problems,to analyze the causes of social problems, to develop theories about social problems, to discuss the effects and impact over the social groups and to examine the consequences of alternate plans for solving the problems.

Urban Sociology: Important names associated with urban sociology are R Park,E Burgess,R Mackenile and L Kirth.Burgess is known for the concentric zone model and L Wirth focused on the urban way of life.

Symbolic Interactionism: W Thomas,G H Mead and Herbert Blume contributed to the development of symbolic interactionism.

Theories of crime and marginality:Sutherland propounded the differential association theory of crime and Stomequist developed the concept of margnalized man.

Research techniques: W Thomas and Zamniecki developed the case study method in their empirical studies of Polish Peasant.G P Murdock is known for building extensive ethnographic files.Ogburn known for the concept of cultural lag also contributed to empirical research at Chicago School.

It has no special ability to provide the truth about social life or to provide solutions for social problems. All it can provide is a number of viewpoints or perspectives on the social world which might help us to develop greater understanding.

Sociology itself as a field of study can be seen to comprise a number of distinct though inter-related perspectives or ways of understanding the social world. There is no ultimate way of determining the superiority of any these forms, any of these areas or any of the sociological perspectives.

There is no ultimate way of determining the truth of any of these forms, areas or perspectives. Sociology is not the only subject to be made up of a variety of approaches.Infact most of the living subjects are like this.

 Sociology help us in providing systematic and coherent and testable ways of studying the social world; ways which enable us to enhance and to develop our knowledge. Though such knowledge does not represent final truths, it may at least help us to understand better the social world.

Although Karl Marx died long ago, his works are much alive today and in fact constitutes the main body of conceptual and theoretical work within conflict perspective. His thought has had immense influence in shaping practical policies. Marxism is still a practical body of thought and doctrine. A substantial part of his body of thought provides sociologists with a systematic and rigorous way of analyzing society and forms the core of the conflict perspective.

In treating alienation Marx’s key concept is fetishism. By fetishism he suggests that men somehow come to dissociate themselves from their own products whether these are material things or ideas. Somehow these man-made things and ideas obtain a life of their own become more important than their inventor man and end up dominating him.

Such objects are thus set apart from man, they are alien to him and come to dominate him. Examples of such objects in the realm of ideas are the laws of supply and demand which impersonally determine what should be produced, how many should be employed etc.Such laws are not seen to be the products of man’s own thinking but are regarded as the truth which is out there, permanent and inviolable.

In short Marx argues that men are alienated from one another; they are alienated from their products, material and ideal.They are also alienated from their society. Though for Marx, alienation exists in all societies which have private property of the means of production, he argued that only in capitalist society had it reached its fullest, most  crippling development

1.)    20%

2.)   Questionnaires

3.)   Provides lots of information, but costs a lot of money

4.)   Sociologists approach to the study of truants is who and why , where as psychologists would find out why and how to solve the problems

5.)   Social deprivation is the reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society.

6.)   ?

7.)   Official statistics are statistics published by government agencies, these statistics would be helpful to our investigation  by giving us information on which areas have highest truancy so that area can be sampled in are investigation

8.)    

9.)   I would use stratified sampling because it represents the population as a whole also there is no need to get raw data because you are using secondary data.