New Kingdoms and Empires
New Kingdoms.
The Roman empire fell apart after fierce warriors from northern Europe invaded Rome over 1500 years ago. There were many wars, and most of Europe was divided up into small kingdoms. There were also powerful new empires. Kings built huge castles that were sometimes attacked by knights in armor. The Christian religion spread through Europe, and people built beautiful churches and cathedrals. Christians often attacked the followers of other religions, particulary Musclim Arabs who lived in Spain, North Africa, and the Middle East. European merchants reached China, and found a vast empire with great cities. There were also great empires in India, Africa, Mexico, and Peru.
The Vikings- In the 800s and 900s, fierce warriors from Scandinavia called vikings invaded many parts of Europe. They crossed the ocean in longships. Some even reached Greenland and the North American mainland.
Japanese samurai- Japan also had castles and armored knights. These knights were called samurai. They fought with bows, arrows, and deadly sharp swords.
Arab scholars- The Arabs were great scholars. They studied
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the stars, geography, and mathematics.
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