Rhetorical Analysis of Paine’s Common Sense

While it did not start the American Revolution, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense certainly added fuel to the fire. In this pamphlet, Paine urges his fellow countryman to quickly cut all ties to England and ensure freedom for America at last. Because of his logical appeal, Thomas Paine is able to write a credible piece of political propaganda that will persuade his fellow Americans to abandon England and find the courage to form their own country.

Although he was born and raised in England and did not venture to America until his late thirties, when the revolution was well underway, Thomas Paine had a knack for rebellion. When he was merely eight years old, after hearing a sermon delivered by his father, Paine denounced Christianity and the church, marking him as a natural rebel. His feelings towards religion can be seen throughout Common Sense, mainly when he is trying to find a reason for all the pain and suffering Americans have had to endure. He sarcastically points out “The Reformation was preceded by the discovery of America: as if the Almighty graciously meant to open a sanctuary to the persecuted in future years, when home should afford neither friendship nor safety,” (330). Not only does Paine reveal his doubtful outlook on Christianity, he tries to find a logical explanation for the fighting. Although, knowing Paine’s background, it easy to see that his logical methods are used patronizingly.

Although Paine sharply discusses his religious beliefs, or lack thereof, he makes an important attempt to accurately address his main audience, the common man. Although Paine is clearly of higher intelligence than most Americans of his time, he makes a point to speak directly to them. This pamphlet was not written to Thomas Paine’s contemporaries or scholars, it was addressed to the men and women who were involved in the revolution. After all, they were the people he wanted to persuade. When discussing the benefits of splitting from Great Britain, Paine makes a point to emphasize the impact it would have on American industry, “Our plan is commerce, and that, well attended to, will secure us the peace and friendship of all Europe; because it is the interest of all Europe to have America a free port. Her trade will always be a protection, and her barrenness of gold and silver secure her from invaders,” (329). Here Paine addresses the common man by discussing a specific topic that is relevant to all those fighting. He understands that if he desires to make any impact in advancing the revolution, he must speak to the heart of America: the common man. Through Paine’s logical thinking, he is able make headway with his pamphlet by finding the right angle on the right audience.