The Great Wall of China

During the 8th century B.C, the Chinese people were said to be familiar with the techniques of wall building. In the 5th century BC to 221 BC (a warring state period) Qi, Yan and Zhao, to defend there own borders they constructed extensive fortifications.(jewelry coupons)

In 221 BC, an emperor named Qin Shi Huang was able to conquether  opposing states of china and he was able to unified them.To impose centralized rules, the emperor orders to destruct the wall sections that divide along the borders of some state.This walls were made mostly with stamping earth and gravel between board frames.He ordered to build a new wall that will connect the remaining fortification along the northern frontier bacause of the intrusions of the Xiongnu people from the north.

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Upon the construction, the transportation required to transport the materials needed was very much difficult. Because of this, construction workers are always tried to used local resources. Materials such as stones from the mountains were used along the mountain ranges and rammed earth were used for the construction in the plain areas.

Most part of the wall (Qin Dynasty Wall) have eroded away over the centuries. There are only few of the original sections that remains today.( There are no exact historical records that survives indicating how long this wall was.)

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Still to defend against northern invaders the following dynasty, the Han, Sui, Northern and Jin dynasty all repaired, rebuilt and or expanded some sections of the wall at great cost.

During the Ming Dynasty, the concept of the Great Wall was again revive following with the defeat of the army of the Ming Dynasty against the Oirats during 1449 in the battle of Tumu.

After sucessive battles The soldiers of the Ming Dynasty failed to defend against the Manchurian as well as the Mongolian tribes.

They adopted a new strategy wherein they construct walls along their northern boarders in order to keep the nomadic tribes out.

The Ming Dynasty wall was stronger and more elaborated compared to that of Qin fortifications. They use bricks and stone instead of using rammed earth. The Ming dynasty repair and reinforce the wall devotedly, with considerable resources because of the continues attacks by the Mongols.Towards end of the Ming, the wall serves as great helped as they depend the empire against the Manchu invasion,

Yuan Chonghuan, a commander of the military command was able to held off the Manchus at the Shanhaiguan pass and prevented them from entering china.

Yuan Chonghuan

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In the year 1644, the gates at Shanhaigun was opened by a general who dislikes the ruler of the Shun dynasty. In result, the Manchus were finally able to cross across the great wall.They quickly seized Beijing and was able to defeat the remaining Ming resistance and the newly found Shun Dynasty. They then established the Qing Dynasty.An additional 290 kilometers or 180 miles of the wall built in the Ming Dynasty were discovered.

It range from the Hushan mountains in the northern Liaoning province to Jiayuguan in western Gansu province. Sandstorms submerged these portions of the newly discovered sections.