A total of 1300 Swedish Royal family and guests attending the dinner was magnificent. The guests, for four hours, enjoy three meals prepared by professional chefs.

Img Nobelprize.org

“The dinner started at six and ended at ten o’clock at night. This was done after the awards ceremony. Very impressive, because the feast was so beautiful, it is also entertainment in the form of dance performances,” says Daniel Johansson, Deputy Head of Mission, Embassy of Sweden in a restaurant Jackrabbit, Jakarta.

I can not imagine how busy the chef prepare the food and beverage for thousands of guests. The menus are served typical food of course Sweden. Not only the guests who enjoy a feast of this award, but also local people who are always keen to see the atmosphere of a dinner with broadcast television.

“It’s not just anyone can come in this dinner, only invited guests can attend the Nobel Prize Dinner,” says Daniel Johansson.

Img Nobelprize.org

Nobel Prize Award in Sweden is a great event. No wonder the local television “dissected” in detail, from the dresses worn by invitation, presented decorations to the menu.
The atmosphere is thick empire also used the event to make this event introduces the culture of Sweden in international circles. Surely, too, to honor Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist.

Image via CrunchBase

Former U.S. President Bill Clinton, Cuban dissident Os waldo Pa ya and Yon Sanchez and former German Chancellor Helmet Kohl are among the applicants. The winner will be announced in Oct”As always, the standard of nomination’s and are the new entrants, known and unknown people, who come from all over the world,”.

188 people and 43 organizations, the list of candidates is close to the record turnout last year, when there were 241 nominations for the award, finally awarded to the female trio made up of Ellen Johnson Sir leaf and Liberian Lemar Bower and Yemeni Tweak Karmen.

 Be “nominated” is relatively easy since there are thousands of people around the world qualified to propose a candidate: parliamentarians and ministers, members of some international organizations, academics, former laureates. The list of candidates secret for 50 years unless the sponsors decide to announce publicly the identity of your bet.

Among those known for this year include former U.S. President Bill Clinton, former German Chancellor Helmet Kohl, the architect of reunification Germanic, and another former prime minister, Yul Domenico of Ukraine, now in opposition and jailed.

 It is also in jail awaiting his trial on U.S. soldier Bradley Manning, alleged to have triggered a diplomatic storm by delivering to about 260 thousand notes Wilkes’s State Department and also on the list of candidates for the Nobel.

 Is also the EU, despite the ongoing crisis and internal causes twitches, Cuban dissident Os waldo Pa ya and Yon Sanchez, the Congolese physician Denis McGee, or the Russian NGO Memorial and its responsible Gonking Stalin, who works for the protection freedoms in Russia.

 Other known candidates are the American political scientist Gene Sharp, theoretical non-violent struggle that inspired some figures of the First Arabic, Tunisian President Mazourka, who took power in encouraging those revolts started at home at the end of 2010, and the news channel Al Jazeera.

 The Nobel, with great international impact is not without controversy, as in 2009, following the award of prize to Barack Obama, just months after his inauguration.

 The Swedish authorities, responsible for ensuring the conformity of wills foundations that have led to its creation currently investigating to determine if the Norwegian committee complies satisfactorily with the task entrusted to the Swede Alfred Nobel more than a century.

 This comes after repeated criticism of the Norwegian lawyer Frederik Hormel, author of Nobel’s Will. For him, the award has lost sight of its original purpose in going to defenders of human rights as Chinese dissident Lou Zibo (2010), environmental advocates like Al Gore and the UPC (2007) or humanitarians like Mother Theresa (1979).

In his will written in 1895, Alfred Nobel wanted the prize to reward “personality who has contributed most to or better than bringing people together, the elimination or reduction of standing armies, to the meeting or the spread of Congress peaceful. “

 ”We look forward to this debate concludes,” Untested reacted on Monday. “The talks last for years and has not left anything really useful,” he said.

 The name of the winner will be announced in October and the prize awarded on 10 December, the anniversary of the death of Alfred Nobel, inventor of dynamite.

In a poem on this site, “Nobel No Longer Noble,” I have already spoken of the disgrace of that war-mongering idiot Kofi Anon getting the peace-prize a decade ago.   But now the ignoble Nobel judges have really made fools out of themselves, picking not one, but three war mongering bull-feminists (Liberian President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Liberian Leymah Gbowee, and Yemeni activist Tawakkul Karman) to win the prize.   Women (I use the term in its loosest possible way) who have devoted the last forty years to trying to start a war of the sexes!   Women who have devoted their lives to belittling and putting down the male of the species.   Women who have promoted the sexism of Affirmative Action where companies are bullied by fascist governments in Canberra, Washington, London, and other places into promoting unqualified women over highly skilled men, who have more right to the job or promotion, but far less chance of getting it in the sexist man-bashing age in which we live.

Please don’t waste your breath and (more importantly) my time by talking about inversed-sexism, justifiable-sexism, etc.   There is only one kind of sexism: flagrant, evil sexism.   And the man-bashing sexism promoted by these bull-feminists over the last forty years or so is the most evil sexism the world has ever known.   Frankly the Nazis were paragons of fairness and equality compared to the sexism and inequality of these three bull-feminists!

If the ignoble committee had had any brains (instead of just a massive lump of bone between their ears) they would never have considered any of these three evil women for the Nobel Peace Prize, let alone all three of them.   Especially when there was a more obvious and deserving recipient: Julian Assange.

Unlike these evil feminists, who have devoted their lives to spreading hatred and inequality, Julian Assange has devoted the last few years to fighting evil wherever he has seen it.   This has included bringing to light the gross war crimes and gross human rights violations that the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia have all been guilty of over the last decade (see Part 4 of my science-faction story on this site, “The Unknown Soldier” – there is no point me repeating it all here).

This truth and heroism by Assange has led to bird-brains like Hillary Rodham Clinton wasting time on the trivia of how he got the tapes and files he has shown, instead of looking at the big picture – the gross human rights violations the United States has committed; violations far in excess of anything the Nazis ever dreamt of.   Today if the original Nazis were alive, they would seem like freedom fighters for truth and justice, compared to the atrocious misconduct of America and England over the last ten years.   [For those who must know, WikiLeaks apparently has an open email address, where you can send files and images to them anonymously, and they do not ever seek out informants or ask people to get them material.   So despite what bird-brained Hillary Clinton wants us to believe, they have never broken any U.S. or U.K. laws.   Not that it would matter, morally speaking, if they had, considering the importance of the material that they have revealed to the world: Human rights violations on a scale that can only be called post-Nazi.   Since they make the Nazis seem like misunderstood do-gooders by comparison!]

So what has happened to Julian Assange’s Nobel Peace Prize?

Julian Assange has had to put up with ill-informed idiots like Hillary Clinton and Julia Gilliard slandering him.   He has had to put up with the evil C.I.A. faking rape charges against him – which are continuing, despite the fact that the woman concerned has stated categorically that he did NOT rape her!

With all the evil going on in the world today, why did three undeserving bull-feminists get the ignoble Nobel Prize?   Instead of the closest thing the world has in real life to a superhero: Julian Assange!

When will the ignoble Nobel Prize judges stop pandering to political correctness and start thinking about their awards and taking the judging process seriously?   Assuming that they have any grey-matter in their heads and not just the brown matter which seems to leaks from their ears every time they befoul themselves yet again with a politically correct, morally bankrupt decision.

What a disgrace!   Three women who are little better than war-mongers fighting for decades to cause a war of the sexes get this award, when an obvious recipient, Julian Assange, gets overlooked.   The ignoble Nobel Prize could have become noble again if the committee had had the guts to send a strong message to the U.S.A. and the U.K.: “This man is a hero!   Stop victimising him for doing right!”

But once again they have wimped out with a politically correct, but morally bankrupt decision!   But for those people who do not know, this is hardly surprising, since the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded by five Norwegian Politicians.   What possessed Alfred Nobel in his will to suggest politicians have any say in matters of peace I cannot imagine.   The terms “war-mongering idiot” and “politician” are virtually interchangeable.   So with politicians voting for a peace prize, a great freedom advocate and anti-war hero like Julian Assange is never likely to win, is he.   This explains war-mongers like Kofi Annon, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee, and Tawakkul Karman getting this once prestigious award.   Not true anti-war heroes like Julian Assange!

Hopefully Time/Life will get it right and appoint Julian Assange as their man of the year!

THE END

© Copyright 2011

Philip Roberts, Melbourne, Australia

The longest in the history of the will was written by the U.S. president Thomas Jefferson. In addition to detailed property orders, he wrote many pages devoted to reflections on the fate and America’s history. Interesting that all the heirs of Jefferson, received their share of the inheritance only if they set free all their slaves. The most detailed will left English playwrighter William Shakespeare. He managed to describe and bequeath all his property even small things, such as old shoes and used clothing. By the way, this will is the only indisputable document which proves that Shakespeare actually existed! The shortest will in the world wrote a banker from London. It contained just three words: “I am completely devastated.” And a shoemaker from Marseilles wrote a most indecent will in the history. Of the 123 words written in the document, 94 belong to the non-lexic words.

The most offensive will left a medieval farmer. He left 100 livres to his wife, but if it comes out that she again marries, her husband will get another 100 livres. The farmer noticed in his will that he wanted to brighten the life of her future husband, poor guy, because as soon as he marries, his life turns into hell.

                                                       Millions of Nobel

The most inexplicable will was drawn up by a laboratory workerof the famous physicist Niels Bohr. There were so many technical terms and complex phraseological units that to decrypt it was necessary to call expert linguists, who for weeks tried to figure out what all it means.

The largest cash sum ever bequeathed was $ 500 million. It was left by Henry Ford. However, he ordered to distribute it between 4157 educational and charitable institutions.

The most famous in the world will left Alfred Nobel, he bequeathed 30 million kroons for the establishment of the famous Nobel Prize. This will was contested by relatives, but they have not achieved success. And the Nobel money ordered according to his testament, which says: “I, the undersigned, Alfred Bernhard Nobel, after mature reflection hereby declare that all of my assets should be invested by my executor to secure papers and make fund from which procents will be distributed annually in premiums for those who in the past year has brought the greatest benefit to mankind. Money will be divided into five parts, which are distributed as follows: one part to the person who makes the most important discovery or invention in the field of physics, one – the one who makes the most important discovery or improvement in the field of chemistry, one – the one who will make an important discovery in physiology or medicine; one – the one who creates in the field of literature the most outstanding work of idealistic tendencies, and one – the one who will make the greatest contribution to the cause, contributing to the removal or reduction of existing armies, support of peace congresses. “

In addition to these, the most humane and best wishes, document contained another scary point – Nobel was terribly afraid that he will be buried alive, and demanded before burrying to cut the veins on his hands …

                                                                                 Wife of the dog

The most secretive will left billionaire Michael Rothschild. It says: “Absolutely and unequivocally forbid any inventory of my estate, any judicial intervention and disclosure of my condition.” So still people do not know what was the real state of the richest man and how he ordered it …

Very often, the millionaires leave all to their favorite dog or cat. The biggest “dog” status was left to millionaire film producer Roger Dorcas. His dog Maximilian inherited $ 65 million. Wife of a millionaire, has inherited a penny, has filed in court, but it recognized the will of the legitimate, as Dorcas made in advance of Maximilian “human” documents. The wife Dorcas was not desperate and confused. Once a dog has a status of a person, can inherit and then it can get married! Dorcas widow immediately performed marriage. When the dog died, she quietly entered the law of inheritance, as Maximilian did not leave will…

The most deceptive will left the great illusionist Harry Houdini. In it he stated that all the secrets of his own tricks recorded and put in the safe, which he allows to open only on the day of his centenary. When the appointed day safe was opened, it was empty. Magician has once again deceived the public!

                                                                  Death by sex

The original will left the comedian Charlie Chaplin. He bequeathed a million dollars to anyone who will manage the release from the mouth five cigarette rings and inside of them to make another one sixth. So far nobody has been able to do so, and a million dollars still waiting for his owner …

At the beginning of the XX century German engineer and professor from the city of Darmstadt Volfskel Paul (1856-1906) left an unusual testament to Gottingen Academy of Sciences. It states that those who first present a complete proof of Fermat’s famous theorem, the Academy is obliged to hand over 50 000 gold marks, sent to the Academy by Volfskel. The testament was written exactly for a hundred years – from September 13, 1907 to September 13, 2007. Many famous mathematicians and ordinary people tried to find a solution to the Great theorem and get a bonus of Volfskel. But during that time no one could solve this problem, and the gold of Volfskel became the property of Gottingen Academy of Sciences.

The most piquant will left a 72-year-old German, Rolf Eden; in his native Berlin, he is a womanizer and doesn’t have good reputation. And thus the local women are not willing to be with him. And then Eden made unexpected will, after which he was not willing to release from the women wanted to spend night with him. The elderly man bequeathed his fortune valued at 300 thousand dollars to a woman in which arms he dies: “I want to die in the most beautiful moment of my life. First, good fun with a beautiful woman, then it’ll get rough sex, then come and orgasm followed by a heart attack from which I died. Look at my age, and the latter can become even tomorrow night. “

But in fact, Eden is not going to die, and happily enjoy the moments of wisdom drawn up by a will, giving him so many beautiful moments …

cultural and accurate advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the artist of dynamite

established the prices in 1985.

The prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Analysis or Medicine, Abstract and Peace were aboriginal awarded’ in 1901.

The The Sveriges Riksbank Award-winning in Economics Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was instituted by

Sveriges Riksbank in 1968 and was aboriginal awarded in 1969. Although technically not a Nobel Prize, its

announcements and presentations are fabricated forth with the added prizes, with the barring of the Peace

prize which is awarded in Oslo, Norway.

Nobel Award-winning 2010 Winners

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Award-winning in Physics, Allure and the Nobel

Memorial Award-winning in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Assembly at Karoliska Institute awards the Nobel Award-winning in

Physiology or Medicine. The Swedish Academy grants the Nobel Award-winning in Literature. The Nobel Peace prize

is not awarded by a Swedish alignment but by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

The Nobel Award-winning in Anesthetic 2010

The Nobel Award-winning in analysis or anesthetic has been awarded to Robert G. Edwards, an English biologist who

with a physician colleague, Dr. Patrick Steptoe, developed the in vitro fertilization action for treating

human infertility. Since the bearing of the aboriginal analysis tube baby, Louise Brown, on July 25, 1978, some four million

babies common accept been conceived by bond eggs and agent alfresco the anatomy and abiding the embryo

to the abyss to resume the accustomed development. The action overcomes abounding ahead untreatable

causes of infertility and is acclimated in 3 percent of all alive births in developed countries.

The Nobel Award-winning in Physics 2010

A brace of Russia-born physicists alive at the University of Manchester in England accept won the 2010 Nobel

Prize in Physics for investigating the arresting backdrop of ultra-thin carbon flakes accepted as graphene,

the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said. The physicists are Andre Geim, 51, and Konstantin

Novoselov, 36. They will breach the award-winning of about $1.4 million. Graphene is a anatomy of carbon in which the atoms

are abiding in a collapsed hexagon filigree like diminutive craven wire, a distinct atom thick. It is not alone the

thinnest actual in the world, but additionally one of the arch and hardest.

The Nobel Award-winning in Allure 2010

Three scientists aggregate this year’s Nobel Award-winning in Allure for developing techniques to amalgamate complex

carbon molecules that accept had an astronomic appulse on the accomplish of medicines and added products,

the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said. The winners are Richard F. Heck, 79, a retired University of

Delaware assistant now active in the Philippines; Ei-ichi Negishi, 75, a allure assistant at Purdue

University; and Akira Suzuki, 80, a assistant at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan.

The Nobel Award-winning in Abstract 2010

Peruvian Mario Vargas L1osa, one of the best acclaimed writers in the Spanish-speaking apple who once

ran for admiral in his homeland, won the 2010 Nobel Award-winning in abstract on October 7. The Swedish

Academy said it honoured the 74-year-old columnist “for his cartography of structures of ability and his trenchant

images of the individual’s resistance, defection and defeat.”

The Nobel Award-winning in Peace 2010

Liu Xiaobo, an animated arcane critic, political columnist and capitalism apostle again confined by the

Chinese government for his writings; won the 2010 Nobel Peace Award-winning on October 8 in acceptance of “his

long and irenic attempt for axiological animal rights in China.” Mr. Liu, 54, conceivably China’s best

known dissident, is currently confined an 11-year appellation on abolishment charges. Mr. Liu is the aboriginal Chinese

citizen to win the Peace Award-winning and one of three laureates to accept accustomed it while in prison.

The Nobel Award-winning in Economics 2010

Peter A. Diamond, a appointee for a Federal Reserve Board position, and two added economists were awarded

the 2010 Nobel Memorial Award-winning in Economic Science on October 11 for their assignment on markets area buyers

and sellers accept adversity award anniversary other. The assignment of the winners, Assistant Diamond of the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dale T. Mortensen of Northwestern University and Christopher A.

Pissarides of the London School of Economics, is best accepted for its applications to the job market.

Not wanting her to go down in history with such a horrible epitaph, Nobel drew up a will, which soon was to shock her relatives and by which established the famous Nobel prize .

During his life, Alfred Nobel wrote several wills, but the last, that on November 27, 1895, dated a little over a year before he died.

Nobel’s will left about 94% of his fortune Creation of five prizes (physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace), for “those who, during the previous year, brought the greatest benefit to mankind.”

Although the plan proposed Nobel prizes really great for his will, there were many problems with the document.

* Alfred Nobel’s relatives were shocked that so many have wanted to make the appeal.
* The format of the document have formal defects could have caused his appeal in France.
* It was unclear what country was Nobel legal residence. A Swedish citizen until he was 9 years, then lived in Russia, France, Italy without becoming a citizen. Nobel and made plans for a home in Sweden when he died.Home location would determine what law would govern the country’s legacy and property. If France was established as a residence, the will could be attacked.
* Since the Norwegian Nobel wanted the Storting (Parliament) to choose peace prize winner, many have accused him of lack of patriotism.
* “Fund”, which was to enforce awards and yet there had to be created.
* Organizations that it has appointed Nobel in his will to grant awards, were not asked to take these rights before the death of Nobel. Also, there was no plan to compensate these companies for their work in terms of prizes.
* Testament does not mention what to do if they were not available for award winners in a year.

Because it was incomplete and there were other obstacles present in Alfred’s will, it took five years for the Nobel Foundation was able to function and can be awarded prizes.

The first Nobel Prizes

On the occasion of the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death on December 10, 1901, was awarded the first Nobel Prizes set.

Chemistry : Jacobus H. van’t Hoff
Physics : Wilhelm C. Röntgen
Physiology or Medicine : Emil A. von Behring
Literature: Rene FA Sully Prudhomme
Peace: Jean H. Dunant and Frédéric Passy

In 1865 they found a safe way to nitrocellulose or gun cotton to make. This gun cotton for gunpowder and also formed the basis for a vast range of explosives. Shortly thereafter, the Swedish manufacturer Alfred Nobel discovered that the dangerous and treacherous liquid nitroglycerin could be sucked by a porous material, making up “safe” explosive dynamite. By nitrocelulose and nitroglycerin to make jelly, manufactured British researchers then called the cordite, and grenade shells.

An important feature of cordite, that slowly ignites. A powerful explosive cordite would then destroy the gun. These powerful explosives, high explosives known, we used in grenades, bombs and other projectiles, which maximize explosive power should develop. Explosives, such as bombs and grenades, it usually brings explosion or by a highly sensitive explosive brisant (such as drop mercury in a firing pin, struck by a striker) or through a thin wire that comes on suddenly because a great strong electrical pulse is passed through it hurriedly. In both cases, a violent shock sent through the main charge, which then in turn exploded.

TNT
In the open air, some high explosives burn without exploding. As is to be expected, people in the 20th century, mainly searched for explosives that were safe to use, but also had the strongest possible force. An important basic composition is TNT (trinitrotoluene). The inference of explosives are stable enough to work in a grenade to be blown away, and they explode just by the shock when hitting the target. In the second world war were several of such powerful explosives at high levels.

For most explosives is an inflammatory mechanism is needed. The simplest grenade in the middle with a pipe at its start, a primer. This primer is struck by a firing pin, which losspingt at the time that the grenade is thrown. The primer onsteekt a slow burning fuse that, after 4 to 7 seconds the other end of the tube allows the detonator exploded, the middle of the main charge.

Bombs
The first bombs were dropped by aircraft, were not more than one kind of drums filled with explosives and bullets, after the explosion were hurled around. But soon there arose different bombs. It was a distinction between such general purpose bombs, heavy bombs with steel shells and bombs to pierce armor plates. Also there were the exploding bombs for use against troops in the open field.

The Nobel dynastry dates from the eighteenth century.  When Petrus Olofsson from Nobbelav in the south of Sweden went up to Upsala Univesity to study law he signed in as Petrol Olai Nobelius. He retained that name throughout his life.

Petrus married into an accomplished family.  In 1668 he married Wendela Rudbeck.  Wendela was the daughter of the University Chancellor and Professor of Medicine, Olaus Rudbeck.  Olaus conducted pioneering research on the lymphatic system. Olaus had a reputation for being strong minded.  He had an interest in linguistics and was convinced that Sweden was the lost Atlantis.  His father, Johannes Rudbeckius, had been the personal chaplain to King Gustavus Adolphus II. Johannes had a reputation as an organiser.  He set up a system of parish registers across Sweden and developed several schools.  Wendela’s brother, Olof Rudbeck, succeeded his father as a Professor of Medicine at Upsala and became a noted scientist and explorer.  Like his father, he maintained an interest in linguistics.  Olof was convinced that there were close connections between the Swedish and Hebrew languages. 

Three generations later the family was impoverished.  There was insufficient money to provide Immanuel Junior with a formal eduction and he spent his teen age years as a cabin boy in the Mediterranean.  On his return he established a construciton business. A major fire brought down the business in 1833. Alfred Nobel was born that year.   For a while Immanuel tried to fend off creditors, feed his family and restart the business while his wife ran a milk and veg shop.  Then the bankrupt engineer escaped his creditors by moving to Finland and later Russia where he established an engineering company.  It was prosperous.   He was able to give his four sons, Robert, Ludwig, Alfred and Emil something that he had not received himself – a first class private education in St Petersburg. The business developed underwater mines for the Russian government that proved invaluable in the Crimean War (1853-1856).  Among other things Immanuel is said to have invented plywood.

Once the war was over Russia reduced military spend and turned to foreign suppliers. This caused difficulties for the firm.  The creditors were worried about getting their money back and appointed Immanuel’s son Ludwig to lead the company.  Immanuel returned to Sweden to start a new life.

Ludwig quickly built a new company from the ashes of the old. He re-established links with the Russian government and was soon supplying cast iron shell cases. Then he developed a large carriage wheel, which was suitable for the rough conditions on the Russian roads and became a major supplier of gun carriages.  Next, he was awarded a major contract to supply rifles to the Russian army.

Ludwig Nobel. Source: Wikipedia

When Ludwig asked Robert, to find a source of walnut wood for the rifle butts he could not anticipated the consequences.  Robert travelled into the Caucases where the finest walnuts grow. He came to the city of Baku at the height of an oil boom and was hooked.  Using twenty five thousand roubles that Ludwig had given to him to procure the wood supplies he bought an oil refinery!

Robert Nobel. Source: Wikipedia

In the meantime, Alfred was experimenting with explosives. When the young Alfred recieved a private education he was coached in chemistry and literature.  Poetry was his passion and this worried Immanuel who wanted all his sons to become engineers and develop the business.  Immanuel encouraged his son develop an interest in chemical engineering and sent him on study visits to Sweden, Germany, France and the United States.  In Paris, Alfred was introduced to a young Italian chemist who had recently discovered invented nitro-glycerine.  The new chemical was extremely explosive but too unstable for practical use.  Alfred Nobel realised that if he could address the safety issue, then nitroglycerin had a great commercial potential.

While Ludwig and Robert developed an oil business in Russia, Alfred sought to establish an explosives industry.  He worked in Sweden with his brother, Emil and father, Immanuel.  In 1864 Emil died in an explosion and the Stockholm city authorities forbade the use of nitroglycerine in their city.  Alfred tried to work from a barge in a nearby lake, then established a company near Hamburg, Germany for the manufacture of nitroglycerine.  In 1866 he shipped the product to California. The intention was to use the material to blast a tunnel through the Sierra Nevada but a barrel exploded in a Californian shipping office. Alfred Nobel quickly found a solution to the dangerous problem. He mixed nitroglycernine with a ground up powder derived from rocks found near the Hamburg factory and invented dynamite.

Alfred Nobel. Source: Wikipedia

In Russia the oil business went from strength to strength under the leadership of Ludwig.   At one time the company, Branobel, under his leadership was responsible for over 50% of world oil production.  Ludwig established a research institute in Baku which found many new uses for oil.  He made technical improvements to pipelines and refineries and intruded the first oil tanker.  In 1878 the Zoroastrian tanker made its first journey from Baku to Astrakhan.

In 1888 at the age of 57 Ludwig Nobel died while on holiday on the French Riveria. 

In many newspapers his arbituary was confused with that of his brother, Alfred.  Alfred was astonished to read that he was  a”dynamite king” and “a merchant of death who had made a huge fortune by finding new ways to mame and kill”. It was not true, he was still a man who enjoyed the arts, and was still interested in poetry. Alfred responded by changing his will. He decided to leave his fortune for the establishment of prizes that would perpetuate his name in a way that would seem to honour the best in human endeavor. Nobel bequethed 94% of his assets to the prize fund.

Alfred Nobel died in Sanremo on 10 December 1896.  The Nobel prizes are announced in October. They are awarded on his birthday in December. 

The greatest discoveries in science come from people who look at a standard situation and dare to see it in a different way. In the 1840’s the Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero invented nitroglycerin a highly explosive liquid, but the discovery was considered to be much too dangerous to be of use. Alfred Nobel was the one who continued the study of nitroglycerin trying to improve it. His goal was to use it in constructions, and begins to elaborate ways to control the explosion and us it as a cheep method to destroy bocks of rocks in order to make way for buildings and bridges (his father worked in this domain). In 1867 his research is completed. He managed to control the high risk explosive and called it dynamite. Its purpose was to diminish the costs of clearing the space needed for constructions and mining. He had the courage to see the danger in his own way and he has succeeded till one point.

Nobel never thought that his discovery would become a weapon and as he rediscovered Ascanio Sobrero’s nitroglycerin, others rediscovered his dynamite. Everything depends on the way the situation is looked at, and the eyes are not always peace makers, eyes can be evil. So as we can SEE, “the real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in seeing with new eyes” (Marcel Proust).

1. Pope Benedict XV (1854 – 1922)

   

   Born Giacomo della Chiesa, he was elected pope in 1914. He fell sick in early January 1922 with pneumonia. Owing to speculations of his imminent death, a New York newspaper mistakenly ran on its front-page “The Pope is Dead,” followed by an later edition that headlined “Pope has Remarkable Recovery.” He eventually passed away due to the sickness on January 22, 1922.

2. Nikita Khrushchev (1894 – 1971)

   

   Succeeded Stalin as First Secretary leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1953 but was however forced to resign in 1964 for making serious political mistakes such as triggering the 1962 Cuban missile crisis. In 1964, his death was wrongly announced by a Cologne radio station, which had received a hoax telex report.

3. Alice Cooper (1948 – )

   

   Born Vincent Damon Furnier, an American Rock singer who is often called “Father of Metal” and “Founder of Shock Rock.” Many believed that he had died when Melody Maker magazine published a sarcastic review of his concert in obituary form. He later comforted his fans: “I’m alive and drunk as usual.”

4. James Scott Brady (1940 – )

   

   Assistant to the President and White House Press Secretary under the Reagan administration. Some media reports announced that he had passed away when he was shot in the 1981 assassination attempt on President Reagan. After being permanently disabled by the incident, he became an ardent supporter of gun control.

5. Alfred Nobel (1833 – 1896)

   

   Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor of the dynamite. In 1888, a French newspaper deliberately published his obituary to condemn his invention. However, this incident prompted him to use his great fortune to establish the Nobel Prize with the intention of improving his posthumous legacy.

6. Paul McCartney (1942 – )

   

   English rock singer-composer-producer, founder of the Beatles and the band Wings. His hits include Beatle’s “Hey Jude” and “Yesterday,” and Wing’s “Live and Let Die” and “Band on the Run.” Though already popular, the Beatles’ popularity intensified in 1966 when an urban legend started to spread through a radio station that one of its member died and was substituted with a look-alike, but the entire thing turned out to be false.

7. Michael Heseltine (1933 – )

   

   British politician and businessman. After suffering a heart attack, news of his death rapidly escalated when then-BBC Radio DJ Chris Morris implied it as a joke, leading to an on-air tribute by fellow MP Jerry Hayes. Morris was subsequently suspended for the prank.

8. James Abbott McNeill Whistler (1834 – 1903)

   

   American-born painter and etcher based in Britain, who is best known for his nearly black and white full-length portrait of his mother entitled “Arrangement in Gray and Black, No. 1,” better known as “Whistler’s mother.” A Dutch newspaper reported that he had died after a heart attack. He subsequently wrote to the paper concerned, saying that reading his own obituary brought about a “tender glow of health.”

9. Rudyard Kipling (1865 – 1936)

   

   1907 Nobel Prize for Literature winning British writer and poet, whose best known work include the novels “The Jungle Book” and “Kim” and the poem “Gunga Din.” His death was published by mistake in a magazine, to which he humorously wrote: “I’ve just read that I am dead. Don’t forget to delete me from your list of subscribers.”

10. Mark Twain (1835 – 1910)

    

    Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, an American humorist, novelist and lecturer, whose best known works include “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” and “The Prince and the Pauper.” In 1897, the erroneous publication of his obituary in a New York Journal prompted his famous comment “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.”

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