Indians were a “problem”

American white settlers who lived near the western borders, as they were called in those days within early American federation, had mostly negative reactions and feelings to the locals that increasingly interacted.

Whites did not hide contempt at all brave Native Americans, while also feared them. 
For them, these true owners of the lands inherited from generations of ancestors were more than some unfamiliar faces at the wrong time and place, weird strangers with reddish skin and feathers in hair, occupying land that white settlers not only coveted him, but believed that they deserve.

Neither the U.S. then not thinking differently at Indians. 
Himself nation’s father, President George Washington, believed that the best solution for the “Indian problem” consists simply in “civilizing” force of these innocents. What was “forced civilizing” the concept is not hard to guess whites: cultural destruction, social leveling, settling, major restrictions, discrimination and, above all, stealing their land.

One of the main goals of these so-called “civilization campaign” consisted of an exact model of the natives on the block office of American white Protestant, by converting to Christianity, learning English and adopting concepts and habits of European origin, such as property individual seasonal nomads and even stop the slave trade. 
Some communities and tribes in south-eastern United States have adopted these ideas partly imposed by Washington. Consequently, whites and the Indians were graduated Chochtaw tribes, Chikasaw, Seminoli, Creek and Cherokee with the title of “The Five civilized nation”.

Clearly, Washington was not satisfied with the social and cultural assimilation of these tribes. Their lands were increasingly tempting for the invader white land hunger. 
territories held by the five nations were the places where today there Member Georgia, Tennessee, Albama, North Carolina and Florida, and were very valuable, having a high potential agriculture. Many of the settlers were interested only in cotton growing and cattle breeding. They did not care how “civilized” or “Christians” were Native Americans, all they wanted was their land and were not given the stop at nothing to obtain it. Native sedentary settlements burned, shot or robbed them and killed animals and those who were opposed.

Obviously, the governments in Washington have supported the colonists in their efforts of the natives to drive out west and south. Some U.S. states have issued a series of laws under which arrogates the right to confiscate Indian territory and sovereignty severely limit the rights of natives. Although the Indians sued in those states and processes famous Cherokee Nation v. Georgia in 1831, and the Washington Supreme Court ruled that Indians were sovereign nations “to which state law Georgia and other states have no power” looting and abuses have continued unabated. 
President Andrew Jackson proud note in 1832 that “the southern states are determined to conquer the Indian territory and will do anything to secure their borders.” Elimination

Andrew Jackson, then president of the American Union, was one of the strongest supporters of American Indian banishment and confiscation of their land. 
As he was an army corps general, Andrew Jackson fought for years in violent campaigns against tribes Creek in Georgia and Alabama and Seminole of Florida. His campaigns resulted in the transfer of thousands of hectares of land owned by natives in the white farmers.

Q n the role of president, Jackson continued to campaign the same zeal. In 1830 rushed to sign the unambiguously titled “Indian Removal”, which empowered both local authorities and settlers who had such a free hand to acquire Indian lands.

The federal law prohibiting that time however the President or other state authorities to force the Indians to leave their territories where they lived, hunted and practiced rudimentary agriculture.However, both President Jackson and government officials deliberately ignored the letter of the law and have oppressed the Indians by every means imaginable, so that they get to take the world head to own …

In the winter of 1831, tribes were first chased Chocktaw on earth, and their deportation deportations served as a model for other tribes. Native American tribes followed Seminole, who were deported in 1832, two years later ethnic Creek suffered the same fate, because Indians Chicksaw be deprived, in turn, once in 1837. Cherokee warriors were driven to the sad year 1838. All these innocents have started a long march to exterminate the famous “Indian Territory”, a land of barren land, barren and inhospitable, appointed by U.S. authorities as a surrogate home for these disinherited of fate. Only a small proportion of the populations mentioned managed to hide and escape evacuation campaign.Their descendants are found today in small communities scattered throughout the states Mississippi, Florida, Alabama and North Carolina. Expulsion continued until the end of 1840.

Result was a grim: tens of thousands of Indians perished or were driven out and the white settlers just înhăţaseră virgin territory with a total area of approximately 100,000 square kilometers! 

Suffering and Memory

The banishment of the natives continued unhindered until Washington found that the number of natives had sufficiently low so that they do not represent a major threat if wished to rebel.

Unfortunate, herded like cattle to lands designated by the authorities, have gone through unimaginable torment. No wonder some American historians consider the episode as the most painful road Tears sad page in the history of genocide that have been subjected to North American Indians.

Thousands of natives, some chained, marched on foot, cold or heat, without water and food. Assault suffered hunger, of thirst, disease and exposure to the elements. Many have died. For example, of the 15,000 Cherokee Indians, about 4,000 have not reached the destination of Oklahoma State today. Road killed … Tears 
came quickly new land administration authorities and thousands of settlers were given land so free.

In 1838, only 2,000 ethnic Cherokee live in their territory now included within the borders of Georgia State. Washington has found that there were too many. Consequently President Martin Van Buren sent expeditionary corps of 7,000 federal troops led by General Winfield Scott, to chase the Indians rebelled. Under threat of bayonets, soldiers brave Uncle Sam robbed the natives of the few goods Cherokee and money acquired it.

Then they lined and forced them to march 2,000 miles to the place designated by the authorities.Typhus, virosis, dysentery, cholera and famine have killed a lot of Native Americans. 
even those who have reached the so-called Indian Territory have fared better. The federal government promised that the new territories will live in peace, undisturbed by anyone. 
Obviously, it was not. 
As settlers continued exploration of the West, Indian Territory decreased continuously, so that when Oklahoma State was proclaimed in 1907 , land of the Indians surrogate gone for good.

Sad moment in history was commemorated in 1987, when federal authorities have authorized the opening of a road historic memorial, with a total length of 3500 km.
Entitled “Trail of Tears National Historic Trail”, this unique historic portions of nine states across the U.S. and serves today as a place of meditation of Native Americans.

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

Image via Wikipedia

It led to the forcible (and if anyone says differently they’re ignorant or lying) removal of tribes such as the Cherokee from their lands. The reality is, Jackson may well have been a Military hero, but he was also by any standard of decency, a deeply despicable man.

Now his defenders will say that for all his faults he did more good than evil, and others will say that in signing the IRA he was just appeasing those who wanted it put in place, but if he had any heart whatsoever he would have opposed the IRA with fervor.

According to everything I have heard though, Jackson not only did NOT oppose the IRA, but was one of it’s most enthusiastic supporters, AND THIS is the man we HONOR on our $20 bill??

1. Your birthstone is either a bloodstone or acquamarine stone

2. Your flower is the beautiful ever regal Daffodil, which symbolizes – respect, chivalry and faithfulness

3. Your birth month will forever be associated with the “Ides of March” death of Ceasar and little green leprechauns which are celebrated on St. Patrick’s Day1

4. Your astrological sign is either – Pisces (March 1 – 20th) or Aries (March 21 – 31st)

5. March is know world-wide as the month od Renewal – Rebirth – New Birth

Now here is a very partial list of some Famous March Babies…….

Chopin, Jon Bon Jovi, Spike Lee, Bruce Willis, Will Clark, Chuck Norris, Quentin Tarantino, Ceasar Chavez, Rene Descartes, Mikhail Gobachev, U.S. President Andrew Jackson and President Grover Cleveland, Nat “King” Cole, “Fergie”, Queen Latifah, Jerry Lewis, Gary Sinese, Jean Harlow, Rob Lowe, Herschel Walker, Javier Bardem, Justin Bieber, Ron Howard, B.F. Skinner, Peyton Manning, Willard Scott, MICHELANGELO, Chaz Bono, Kat Von D, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Willi

            The Whig party was constantly undecided whether it was right or wrong to pursue slavery. That is what ripped the faction apart. If the same party can’t agree on the same thing, it either ceases to exist or splits into two other smaller, less powerful sections. There were the “Conscience Whigs” in the North that were anti-slavery and definitely did not want it to spread to new territories. They believed that our country is way too great to be facing slavery issues. These types of Whigs had a working theory that if you hire a worker, you would be helping a citizen, and better yet, not have to worry about the worker’s needs. For example, the employer would not have to worry about the worker’s health conditions. If the worker did not perform, they were fired. On the other side, the “Cotton Whigs” totally disagreed with the other beliefs of the Whigs. They either had cotton plantations, or were wealthy. They thought that it is normal to maintain a slave and pay for their well being because they are the master’s property forever and will work until death. This ripped the Whigs apart. Their disagreements separated the United States even further apart into the North and the South. People were creating their own sections with their own beliefs and the North and South started to think of themselves as their own, independent territories. The Whigs, in theory, started “putting pressure” on the beginning of the Civil War. When the Whig party failed and the people separated, more and more wanted to fight each side to get what they hoped to accomplish: to either have or not have slavery. The death of the Whig party led to the Civil War.

Jackson’s presidency had both many strengths and weaknesses. Like other outstanding presidents, Jackson too was very notable during his time in office. He made actions that were considered strengths and weaknesses. He was one of the four candidates of the “corrupt Bargain” of 1824. He had strong appeal in the West and won the popular vote. He is acknowlegded today for being on the twenty dollar bill. He liked being heard. He is most know for the Spoils System and the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Also, he distrusted big monopolies.

“Jackson’s followers presented their hero as a rough-hewn frontiersman and a stalwart champion of the common man.” (American Pageant p.260) Andrew Jackson had a strength. He knew what he wanted and stood up to his word. He wasn’t whimpy, and wanted others to speak boldly of his name. He had many workers, or volunteers, that would reside in all the states. Those people employeed even more workers to form small sections which would work in a certain area and spread the good rumors about Jackson. Those people were asked to do good in Jackson’s name so citizens (voters) knew who he was and so they would vote for him. Eventually, this has done great good for his campaign. Jackson was elected president. Then the workers wanted their reward for getting him to a high position in governement. Now, Jackson was famous so his care for his helpers went down, but he was still true to his promise. He rolled out the spoils system which encouraged rotation in office in order to prevent any corruption in the government (Definition from dictionary.com). This allowed Jackson to put any person he wanted into any goverment job in the country. This was good for Jackson’s workers but not good for the people that were being replaced.

Although he had many strengths, Jackson was known for the controversial part of his decision on the Indian Removal Act. Some people favored that he kicked out the Indians, which would allow further expansion to the West and the United State’s population could flourish. Some didn’t think the same as Jackson on this issue. The Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee Indians could stay where they were. Jackson wasn’t pleased with what the court said and sent troops to move the Cherokee Indians out. The reason why this is looked upon as a negative weakness on Jackson’s part is because his decision resulted in the “Trail of Tears” and the deaths of around 4,000 Indians.

Strengths: 

-The Nullification Crisis: During the nullification crisis jackson held his ground and told south carolina that they couldn’t seceed from the nation or he would send troops.

-The Spoils System: Jackson created the spoils system which encouraged rotation in office in order to prevent any corruption in the government. 

-He had a super-sweet wig. That was his biggest strength. People would look at that wig and think; “man, that dude’s wig is righteous, i’d better do what he says”. His weakness was his legs. He had skinny little legs, and everyone called him Chicken man behind his back. Once, he kicked a peice of paper and broke an ankle. Everyone laughed so hard that he had to go out and get an even bigger wig to make up for it.

-He’s already on the $20 bill

Weaknesses:

-Indian removal: The Indian Removal Act was one of the most controversial things jackson did. The supreme court ruled that the Cherokee Indians could stay where they were. However, jackson countered the court and sent troops to move the cherokee indians out. This resulted in the ‘Trail of Tears’ which killed over 4,000 indians due to the harsh conditions of the move.

-National Bank Veto: during jackson’s presidency he vetoed the renewal of the national bank and divided up the US funds into state and local banks. This all led to his Specie Circular [required people to pay in gold and silver not paper money] and a depression which was taken on by van buren, the next president. 

• He was the first president to ride on a railroad train, the first to be born in a log cabin and the first president to be nominated by a political party.

• He survived the first attempt to assassinate a president.

• He is known historically for creating a strong executive branch.

• At age 13, while serving in the army, he was captured by the British. The British officer in charge ordered Jackson to clean his boots. Jackson refused; the officer struck him with his sword, leaving Jackson’s face and hand permanently scarred.

Additional Details:

Jackson was mostly known for his Indian Removal Act of 1830. He basically forced all the Indians to move westward, around Oklahoma and such. Read up on Trail of Tears and determine yourself if his presidency was a success or a failure.

One of the four candidates of the “corrupt Bargain” of 1824.

Had strong appeal in the West.

He had as many votes as his next two rivals combined, but didn’t win majority of electoral vote.

Jackson liked to be he heard and had people working for him in each state trying to pursuade people to vote for him.

We should not have to filter through all the crap that politicians put out there. We as Americans should be appalled by this. We have had a number of wonderful presidents because we knew what we wanted as a nation. 

George Washington
Abraham Lincoln
Teddy Roosevelt
John F. Kennedy
Andrew Jackson

All these names are famous because they did the right thing and not only that they did not take crap from people. They told the people what they were going to do and then… shocker… they did it!

Andrew Jackson and Teddy Roosevelt were especially good at this! They were some of the greatest ball busters of their respective times. We all know about these people because they were good at what they did. 

We have to ask ourselves as Americans who do we want as president.

People said that they wanted:
Bring Hope and Joy
Realism, Understanding, Leadership.
Charismatic and intelligent
Specific Aims
Fearlessness
Ask the tough questions and produce results

Look to yourself and when you vote take the knowledge of candidates with you. Don’t vote for someone that you are going to regret voting for. Not voting for someone sends a message that you want another candidate. 

The Jacksonian democracy was a golden age for the working man and I agree with most of the Jacksonian politics, including the expanding of participation in government and the foundation of a strong federal government. The Jacksonian democracy established by Andrew Jackson was a better base of government, while allowing all adult males to vote. I do disagree with spoils system which allowed friends and relative’s government positions with no real ability to do these jobs; these things though did allow the creation of a government more governed by the common man instead of the wealthy, and experienced.

Andrew Jackson was finally elected in 1829 after a long battle with his rival John Quincy Adams. Adams clever plan to slander Jackson as a player with a prostitute mother, who also killed people and dueled backfired. All of these accusations just made Jackson more appealing to the common man because he was relatable. On the other hand Jackson’s mud sling at Adams worked perfectly, portraying him as an elitist dictator to be. These accusations spread through the post, posters, and pamphlets lead to Jackson’s victory in the election by a landslide.

During Andrew Jackson presidency the suffrage in the United States was increased greatly, though not to the point of women’s or black suffrage but all white adult males were allowed to vote. This increase in suffrage was a great thing for the common man removing the previous land owning requirements. This great leap in representation of the regular Joe allowed for the creation of the things like the working men’s declaration of independence, which proclaimed “That all men were created, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;” these statements led to a great empowering and protection of the bill of right and more protectors of the constitution (A). These things led to a much wider base of voting and more participation in government by the common man.

            The awe created by a nation of under Jackson was created to countries that looked in on us, some British saw America as a country with little poverty and a more educated public, saying every man a landowner, women factory workers, and a nation were the people were the judges of controversial politicians (D).  These great views o education showed that the education system was coming along and that the poverty was controlled and with the continued establishment of new factories and jobs ion the north.

The Indian removal act was one great example of the power of the Jacksonian government. Jackson was able to negotiate no pain agreements with the Indians and refused to remove them forcefully and opposed the trail of tears (G). One great quote describing his attitude towards Indian removal is “This emigration should be voluntary, for it would be as cruel as unjust to compel the aborigines to abandon the graves of their fathers and seek a home in a distant land. But they should be distinctly informed that if they remain within the limits of the States they must be subject to their laws. In return for their obedience as individuals they will without doubt be protected in the enjoyment of those possessions which they have improved by their industry.” This shows he did not want to force them but only wanted them to go peacefully and if they stayed they would be under the jurisdiction of U.S.’s rule and regulations.

Jacksonian’s also apposed the federal bank which made it harder for the common man to get loans and drove local banks out of business. The national bank was also funded by tax revenues and when requesting more money and changes to their charter Jackson showed his opposition with a presidential veto of there plans (B). Though he was shown strong opposition by the opposite side, his veto was criticized by Daniel Webster (C). He also showed his dislike of the national bank by opening his own pet banks in most of the southern states for the common man. These banks took a lot of the funding originally for the national bank leading to its demise.

The only aspect in which I would not consider myself a Jacksonian is in the issue of the spoils system. The spoils system happened as soon as he came into office instead of keeping the last presidents cabinet he fired them all and let in his friends and relatives, so his cabinets became known as the “Kitchen Cabinet”; Jackson actions gave rise to the spoils system. I don’t think that this was effective or fair, it allowed the positions to be taken by people unqualified and not fit for the job, when they should go to the qualified and well taught. This did lead though to greater rise of the common man in politics.

All these aspects of Jacksonian democracy allow me a better view of how their government worked. This presidency was one of the most important in history changing America’s potential oligarchy into a true people’s democracy. The actions of Jackson for suffrage and not exclusion soon lead to the suffrage of others and the common mans say in a government. All these thing taken together lead us to the age of Jacksonian politics and thought of the nation.

So what if you’re vision becomes blurry after 48 straight hours without sleep? And sure, you do start seeing things after the third day without slumber but who doesn’t want to commune with their late uncle? See, being awake is great. How many good experiences have you had while asleep. None I bet.

So here it is an insomniacs guide to never sleeping again. Until your body shuts down that is.

1. Ensure your bed is extra lumpy, and filled with non-poisonous snakes.

The bed is always the best place to start, if it’s really uncomfortable chances are you won’t be able to nod off into a peaceful dreamed fuelled slumber. So, just go at it with an axe. Mess up the springs, replace your pillow with a soiled jumper or maybe lie on it sideways.

Splintered wood. Perfect!

If that doesn’t work just throw some non-poisonous snakes in there. You won’t die but the bites will keep you pleasantly alert until the wee hours of the morning. Then you might want to try step two.

2. Play music with an unusal dynamic range, or just invite a really bad pub band to your bedroom

Noise tends to be one of the biggest complaints when it comes to non-sleepers. Ticking clocks, leaky taps, neighbours having noisy sex all contribute to a disturbed – and occasionally disturbing night. Perfect for keeping you awake. So. Why not enusre noise by playing music. The problem with that is that it might prove soothing, even the most aggressive song played at the same volume can lull you into a false sense of sleepiness.

Oh Slayer, sing me a dream

So make sure it has a weird dynamic range, where it suddenly goes from quiet to VERY LOUD and all of a sudden quiet again. Tom Waits might be a good place to start, just stay clear of his early piano based stuff.

If that fails to work, just get the worst pub band you can find. Pay them in beer and watch them play shit-rock all night while hoping you ears don’t simply give up on you and stop functioning. Perfect. Well unless they get tired or pass out from the alcohol. Then it’s time for drastic action, see step three.

3. Drink copious amounts of water then sleep in a bath filled with ice.

Most insomniacs have weak bladders or at the very least they think they do. They’ll constantly be up and down to the bathroom with phantom urinary pains. Just because that’s the sort of people they are. To ensure you join them, make sure to chug at least two liters of ice cold water before bed-time, that way you’re sure to remain constantly constant. Unless you’re a really sound sleeper, then you risk falling asleep and destroying some kidneys. Then there’s only one other option, instead of drinking the icy water why not simply sleep in it? You’re bound to be awake shivering till the wee hours of the morning.

Yeah, maybe sever your leg too

NOTE: Be sure to occasionally add some lukewarm or tepid water to the mix, just to ensure you don’t die. This is key.

So there you have it. Soon you’ll be hearing inaudible whispers and communing with Andrew Jackson having lost complete touch with reality. And who doesn’t want that when they sleep?

For more from this writer click here

There is also the case for 1790 in a court record from Sumner County, Tennessee.  In 1859, a Tennessee historian named Albigence Waldo Putnam, found a document in which Andrew Jackson apparently wrote the word OK in reference to a bill of sale.

There is also the 1815 note in a diary of William Richardson. On his travels from Boston to New Orleans he noted “we arrived ok”.

OK came to be used for business documents and as a telegraph signal to mean that all was fine. In general, though, socially, it implied illiteracy or a rustic background.  Over time, OK came into common usage. President Woodrow Wilson, in the 20th century, marked “okeh” on documents; “okeh” was a word from the Native American Choctaw language, which meant something like “it is so”. OK had come into its own.

International Oks:

Native American Choctaw: Okeh – it is so

Scottish: Och aye – oh yes

Greek: Ola kala – all is right

German: ohne Korrektur – without [need for] correction

Finnish: Oikea – correct

Mandinka: O ke – that’s it

Philippines: okay lang – just okay or just fine

See also: http://socyberty.com/social-sciences/a-ms-by-any-other-name/

Woodrow Wilson: Image via Wikipedia