Even though the Abbasid Caliphs were the direct succors of the Umayyad they ruled entirely differently. Both empires ruled very differently in how they handled the economy, politics and social fields. In an Example of the economy the Caliphs during the Abbasid Empire hit a Golden Age while both were similar in how they handled slaves.

The Ottoman Empire began at 1300 in northwestern Anatolia under the leadership of Osman and his group of nomad Turkish zealous Muslim warriors and grew rapidly to encompass the entirety of the Muslim world. Characterized by Sunni Islam, the empire began to play an important role in word affairs for over 600 years. Here is their long story summarized.

A spiritual and temporal leader claiming succession from the Prophet Muhammad (570–632 C.E.) in his guidance and political functions, and thus the right to rule all Muslims. The title “caliph” (”Khalı¯fa”) meant “Successor of the Prophet of God,” or more ambiguously but also more importantly, “Deputy of God”.