Old English, influenced by the North Germanic language Old Norse, is an early form of the English language and was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes). The language was a Western Germanic language and was brought to Britain, who at the time spoke Celtic, by Germanic invaders from parts of Germany and Netherlands and started off as a diverse group of dialects. The English language of today was travelled through multiple stages including Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English and Modern English. Approximately 600 years after Old English, the Middle English period started when William the conqueror invaded and conquered England. With him came the French language which later became the language of the Royal Court. The language was then divided by the ‘upper class’ speaking French and the ‘lower class’ speaking English. By the Early Modern English times the language spoken had returned to English but had many French words incorporated into the language.

Towards the end of Middle English, there was a change in the pronunciation of vowels were the vowels started being pronounced shorter and shorter. It was later named the Great Vowel Shift. During this period, the invention of printing meant that people were able to store and read the words in the English language. The first dictionary was then developed. Early Modern English also brought the birth of the ‘Shakespearean’ language of when Shakespeare was born which revolutionised the English language. The final stage in the history of the English language was the Modern English period. The main difference between Early modern and Modern English is the vocabulary due to new technology and objects arising in the modern times. Modern English is the language that we currently speak.

Throughout the history of the English language there were a number of changes made to the phonetics and phonology of the language. A major change was the Great Vowel Shift which happened in the early 1500’s. This included nearly all the vowels in the English language changing. A major phonological change would be the dialects spoken by the foreign languages and the words borrowed from them pronounced in an English way. Other changes were made in the history of the English language which includes Morphological changes and lexical changes. Compounding, Affixation, Conversion, Backformation and Borrowing are just some of the many major morphological processes used for creating new words in the English language. As a natural way of life, many people make up words, some of which eventually end up in the dictionary depending on the popularity and use of the word. This is how the lexicon of the modern English language is able to continue to expand.
The syntax of the English language has greatly changed and it can be observed throughout the sub systems of Old English to Modern English. Not only do words change but also the ways in which the words combine to form sentences change. This brought out the use of Analogies which is a process where a conclusion is reached based on a similar case. A lot of which are seen as ‘sayings’ from olden times which can relate to many modern circumstances.  Other situations arose from Old English times where there was a much larger variety of inflections to indicate the plural of a noun in which we are still following these rules today. The main reason for a change in syntax was because of the mixing of Old Norse with Old English as Old English was slowly dying out after being invaded by the Vikings.

The English language has gone through many changes, some seen as good and others seen as pointless, but without these changes the language wouldn’t be what it is today. After many years of borrowing and creating new words, the lexicon of the English language has greatly expanded and has a very large storehouse of words (with the help of deriving words from multiple languages). Its relationship with foreign countries and vast historical events gave the language a diverse set of words that have come straight from a foreign language. All in all, the English language has come a long way, through the many different periods, and will never stop to continue creating new words.

English: (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Samir nasri make all fans and player of arsenal were angry..His controversial statament “attack” his ex club (Arsenal).

Samir Nasri now began to critics his ex club. He answered many criticsm to him, when he refuse to renew his contract with arsenal and decide moving to Manchester City..

Many fans of arsenal believe that he in only getting much money, because Manchester city is richer club…

Nasri said that “arsenal man only see me as people want much money…Now they can see me as the player which can get a EPL trophy…”.. and i believe that they can`t win EPL trophy until several season later…”

He added too, if iam only interested with money, the simple decision is still staying in Arsenal and get a payment every week and play in starting eleven…But i come to a bigger club and fight for my place in starting eleven and i had proved it..

I do hope Arsenal fans still continue their life and can forget me..They must celebrate their succesfully sit in third and i focus and celebrate for winning EPL….

Ms. Claudine Nicole Librando won special and major awards that made her a grand slam winner: Ms. Pepsi Cola, Ms. Prime Asia, Ms. DermStreet, 2nd Best in Talent and Best in School Uniform. Another student from the same school, Ms. Krizia Marie Gabrielle Dosdos, 15 years old, 4th year – Platinum got the 1st runner up; the isolated beauty and tranquility of the place connote open communication and progress.

With the ambiance of the surroundings, you can feel figuratively the essence of reaching out to other people and do communicate with them regardless of races around the world through “vital and candid information; MDGs and campus journalism go hand in hand for the development and gradual progress to gauge the veracity of societal needs, as far as global population is concerned. The student-writers have responsibility and awareness about the dissemination campaign to cater to the needs of the majority through sustention of the eight MDGs to become fully operational without delays.

DepEd Coordinator for Special Program on Foreign Language (French) Ana Maria Hernandez expressed her profound gratitude to the principal Eutiquia S. Alday in her active role and support to the foreign language, together with faculty members for their hospitality, French teachers Dr. Ermetes F. Adolfo, Jr. and Jacqueline F. Bucao, and the 3rd year and 4th year students for their active participation during demo-lessons and their concerted efforts and interests to learn French language

Let’s peruse…

The Municipality of Minglanilla made its successful town fiesta and yearly made a tremendous celebration for beauty pageant among high school students from different schools (both private and public), namely, Minglanilla National Science High School, Tubod National High School, Lipata National High School, Tungkop National High School, Tulay National High School, Camp 7 National High School, Guindaruhan National High School, University of the Visayas (Minglanilla Campus), Southern Bethany Christian School and Immaculate Heart of Mary Academy.

The beauty pageant occurred last August 20 at the New Minglanilla Sports Complex. People from all walks of life were all filled with awe by the astonishing performances done by the twenty lovely candidates who were all proudly representing their respective schools, according to the organizer.

For each school within the Municipality of Minglanilla, two ladies were given such an opportunity to represent their school. Only the aforementioned ten schools joined in the search for Ms. High School Minglanilla this school year.

The said contest was truly a tough job for each candidate due to the consecutive practices they had while busy catching up with the lessons in school. Besides, workshops, seminars, campus tours and other sort of interactions were conducted in order to boost the confidence and self-esteem of every candidate. But, despite the pressures and stress, all of them were very happy with experiences they had gained and earned for even so short a time.

“When this game is over, I’m sure I’m going to miss this type of group bonding that we are all experiencing now,” this was the usual line that would pop out from each mouth of the candidates.

“And the Miss High School Minglanilla  is…” this was the statement from the host that gave the audience the thrill and excitement for the reason that the two candidates of Minglanilla National Science High School were the only ones left on stage and who successfully made it up for that big and final announcement.

That was surely the pride of each MNSHS student who attended the event that evening. It was Krizia Marie Gabrielle Dosdos, 15 years old, 4th year – Platinum got the 1st runner up position. And the lady who brought home the crown was none other than Claudine Nicole Librando, 16 years old, 4th year – Uranium. In addition to that, Claudine also won special and major awards that made her a grand slam winner: Ms. Pepsi Cola, Ms. Prime Asia, Ms. DermStreet, 2nd Best in Talent and Best in School Uniform.

The importance of global communication

 “Please bear in mind that sharing information with others and apprising the latest updates of the world today give emphasis to the importance of global communication, i.e. free communication and freedom of expression. It relinquishes our rights from “self-seclusion and self-inhibition” to help people unfurl their inundating mind streams and open out into something that results in a rich harvest of ideas from them.”

The isolated beauty and tranquility of the place connote open communication and progress. With the ambiance of the surroundings, you can feel figuratively the essence of reaching out to other people and do communicate with them regardless of races around the world through “vital and candid information.”

Communication serves as a bridge between the family and the community — working together for a unified stand on the issue and for a solid foundation to come by the common goals and for the amelioration of one’s life.

Metaphorically, it is likened to an open beach because it is very important to all of us in this planet who ought to shun from putting a gap; otherwise, open communication will vanish into thin air and a covert communication channel will be thwarted at once without question.

The main reason for this is that people have the right to be informed and they have to share with one another regarding the issues and other things that can be beneficial for everybody in order to reach ultimately for “the common good.”

Communication is something that can bridge you between the unknown world and the known world with sufficient information to dish out. Likewise, it’s about expressing and conveying your thoughts, emotions, notions and concepts with another human beings.

The ideal outcome of the event will animadvert upon itself and it will boomerang to the concerned persons if things are not properly addressed. It reciprocates best communication skills that can aid in keeping one’s head and confidently taking charge of unfamiliar situations.

People are more likely to listen to you, whatever you have to utter, if you can express yourself well, and this is particularly useful in influencing and negotiating significant personal, social and business matters.

To elaborate further about communication as an advantage over the other sub-categorized implications and cognitive-voluntary schema with communicative approaches. The opposite sides are taken into account.

Say for instance, a communication as regards the utilization of idiomatic expression like “between the devil and the deep blue sea” which figuratively emphasizes its true color and veritable sense of implicit meaning.  In this expression, if you are between the devil and the deep blue sea, you are in a scenario where there are two equally unpleasant options or alternatives.

For example, “When the new product didn’t take off, the management was caught between the devil and the deep blue sea: develop a new marketing campaign or drop the product.” In this open communication, as well as distinct scenario of the two comparable objects, each object will liken metaphorically to a different perspective. It comes in handy in working out the involution or rising actions and dealing with difficult people.

Open communication is said to be fathomed, unparalleled, and incomprehensible closed-doors gaps that sometimes implicate many dimensions, from something that is facile or so simple and something that is more complicated.

Besides, it is “something” that is potentially complex to comprehend the pros and cons of a subtle and particular human being’s intervention.

To enlighten anew about the open communication and open alternative views, communication itself mainly connects to the human mind. It carries a heavy burden with consciousness and sub-consciousness.

The open mind is also susceptible to “a lack of conviction.” Too many conflicting viewpoints can enter an open mind and cause indecision and unfair treatment.  With regard also to any standpoint, it is indispensable now and then to conceal the mind from reality and connect it to the real world where individuals do utterly communicate, disallow any more input, make a decision and act.

Perchance, more significant than having an open mind is having a mind that is capable of being open or closed. The hinges of our mind are our capability to act upon. We can decide to accept or reject information depending upon the fair judgment, trials and animadversions from the people around. It might be local or international.

Finally, information should be dished out with correct acceptance and unmistakable honor to divulge and pin down with laurels.

Campus Journalism as a Catalyst for Change: Achieving the Millennium Development Goals

“Campus Journalism as a Catalyst for Change: Achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015” is a challenge of every campus writer in the Philippines to have cognizance about the MDGs. According to study, the all eight MDGs are indeed measurable, quantifiable and realistic. To support its claim, each of the eight goals has a set of targets. These targets are quantified through indicators that will be set as the benchmark for measuring each country’s progress.

DepEd memorandum expresses its journalistic stand and goes into raptures over the eight MDGs. The campus journalists demonstrate understanding of the MDGs’ importance to the masses by expressing them through varied journalistic forms and approaches, demonstrate commitment to support MDGs by advocating and integrating them in related school community initiatives and enhance journalistic competence through healthy and friendly competitions such as individual, group, as well as radio broadcasting and scriptwriting contests.

MDGs and campus journalism go hand in hand for the development and gradual progress to gauge the veracity of societal needs, as far as global population is concerned. The student-writers have responsibility and awareness about the dissemination campaign to cater to the needs of the majority through sustention of the eight MDGs to become fully operational without delays.

For the information of everybody, Millennium Development Goals consist of the eight goals, and the acronym itself MDG is a familiar buzzword. However, there is little or no awareness of this global agenda agreed upon by 191 nations in 2000. In fact, a number of journalists who attended a recent media forum said they had not heard of the MDGs despite the fact that the Philippines has been an active participant in the drafting of many protocols involving human rights.

In a press release published recently in a national daily newspaper, it emphasized the importance of each MDG. It described as a roadmap in fighting poverty, and as a partnership between developed and developing countries in the attainment of these eight goals. To reprint these goals, they are as follows:

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education

Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women

Goal 4: Reduce child mortality

Goal 5: Improve maternal health

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development 

On the other hand, despite some clamors circulating around the country, some young journalists keep on rallying behind the proponents of MDGs. In fact, some questions have raised: Do they resolve global problems? Do the teachers impart savvy of journalism with regard to MDGs on the campus?

By all accounts, fundamentally, the better way to teach journalism is to train them to write for life. Perhaps, that’s a motherhood phrase. What the writer has really wanted to utter is to go beyond the competition mode. The holding of competitions to put something through its paces with the  students’ skills on campus journalism might have drudged to a certain echelon.

But making the students practice campus journalism more might do miracles and nose around more youth to the craft of factual “fourth estate.” This is not an animadversion on DepEd’s practice of holding schools press conferences in the country. This is only an overall standpoint of the Editorial Board and Staff of The Guindaruhan Tribune school paper.

Journalism gives emphasis to the importance of valuable information with the help of various media. Each student-writer must use extreme campus journalism as a means of making the people become fully aware of what is really happening around us today. If the people increase total awareness and heighten participation, the plans of development seem to realize and the MDGs will be successfully carried out.

As a result, significant decrease in poverty and amplified a much-needed boost in national economy will come to follow. The people will go hand in hand for the betterment of economy, and work with the heart to upgrade the conditions of the general public. It is inevitable that all of us are living in this labyrinth-filled nature and cycle of ups and downs by which the globe of our fate revolves in stages.

Our conditions at present are not still sustainable, not enough to cope with the demands and needs of society; ergo, we have to come to “grips” with the MDGs and apply draconian measures in order to accentuate the adequacy of our living conditions.

Through journalism, campus writers go into raptures over MDGs, especially in the Philippines!

The agreed outputs and outcomes within the SPFL-F results framework including the terms in the MOA between the Embassy of France and DepEd

DESPITE the circumstances of the great language diversities, the observation of French classes at Minglanilla National Science High School (MNSHS) took place last September 28, 2010 with some attendance, coming from DepEd officials (Central, Regional & Division Offices), French Embassy Linguistic Attaché, Alliance Française de Manille and Alliance Française de Cebu directors of studies, and other foreign language coordinators involved in the special program.

Regional SPFL-F Coordinator Ms. Marcelita S. Dignos through the memorandum issued by Director Recaredo G. Borgonia said  the visit and observation of French classes are geared towards reviewing progress of implementation of the SPFL-F, focusing on the agreed outputs and outcomes within the SPFL-F results framework including the terms in the MOA between the Embassy of France and DepEd which was signed last September 28, 2009, and reviewing actions taken on the recommendations formulated during the conference on start-up activities for the implementation of the teaching of French as a second foreign language SY 2010-2011 in selected Science High Schools in Region VII held last May 28, 2010.

Linguistic Attaché Emilie Flambeaux of the French Embassy to the Philippines emphasized the fact that French was the second international language and a key to prepare Filipino students “for their role as global citizens”. During the special visit at MNSHS, the visitors congratulated the French teachers, faculty members and the head of school Eutiquia S. Alday in their efforts to promote cultural and linguistic diversity. 

On the other hand, DepEd Undersecretary for Programs and Projects Dr. Vilma Labrador during the language assessment and planning workshop held last February 16-19, 2010 at the Tagaytay International Convention Center, reminded the audience that the choice of science high schools was made since science is a key field for both French and Philippine governments. She said French has been already introduced in 13 science high schools from NCR and Region VII. 21 teachers are currently undergoing training in the two French cultural centers, Alliance Française in Manila and Alliance Française in Cebu.

The agreement signifies the important role of DepEd-learning institution as a privileged partner of the Embassy, in terms of the promotion of French culture, language and education in Cebu and the rest of the Visayas and Mindanao, according to Emilie Flambeaux. She also added that Alliance Française has four objectives: to promote the French language, France, Europe and the 70 countries which are members of the French-speaking community; to encourage intellectual exchange and debate; to support Filipino artists and intellectuals, and to advise Filipino students who wish to study French culture and/or study in France. 

DepEd Coordinator for Special Program on Foreign Language (French) Ana Maria Hernandez expressed her profound gratitude to the principal Eutiquia S. Alday in her active role and support to the foreign language, together with faculty members for their hospitality, French teachers Dr. Ermetes F. Adolfo, Jr. and Jacqueline F. Bucao, and the 3rd year and 4th year students for their active participation during demo-lessons and their concerted efforts and interests to learn French language.

Porn or pormograpy as it is more formally called is videoes and pictures of people engaging in sexual acts or wearing sexual clothes. This is stuff like pictures of french maids or cheerleaders. Or it could be videoes of two people or more having sexual intercourse.

It is popular because many people have sexual fantasies but do not have people that they can act upon them with. To compensate for this they watch porn. Porn will often cause its wathers to experience sexual tension in the people that watch it. This is a pleasurable feeling for many people becuase it ends with them experiencing an orgasm.

There are many different genres of porn to people having regular sex to spanking and bondage and disipline. 

Porn is a taboo subject in many areas of the world but it should not be.

The first thing I was ever taught to say in French at school was ‘ou est le singe?’ which means ‘where is the monkey’.  Understandably the response was ‘il est dans l’arbre’. He’s in the tree, which I guess is where monkeys tend to hang out – no pun intended there. I’ve since forgotten most of the French I studied, except for that single phrase, which is a problem when heading to France on holiday.

If you’re keen to learn French, here are ten top ideas that will help you remember much more than the location of a monkey.

Rent a French Film

Invite your friends round, rent one French film, like Amelie or Au Revoir Les Enfants. Switch off the subtitles and see how much you understand. It will take a while but with lots of time and even more patience you’ll forget you ever needed subtitles. Eventually.

Sing in French 

Download some tunes by French artists (yes, there are some), learn the lyrics and sing along in French. The great old classic ‘Ca Plane Pour Moi’ by Plastic Bertrand is a starting point – or ‘Joe Le Taxi’ by Vanessa Paradis. You’ll soon be humming them all day and eventually you’ll know what they are talking about – which will be more than the singers ever did!

Buy a French Phrasebook

Learn all the key French phrases like ‘je t’adore’, ‘je m’apelle Bob’, ‘un bier s’il vous plait ‘ and ‘ou est le singe?’. Carry it around with you at all times and you can check up every time you here a new question or comment that you’ve not heard before.

Get a French Girlfriend or Boyfriend

You can easily find a foreign girlfriend or boyfriend. Ask them out on a date (go on, be brave) and spend the entire evening speaking only in French. Actually, it may be easier to visit a French restaurant with some friends and refuse to speak in anything but French, much less embarrassing.

Head Out to a Summer Camp

If you can’t actually afford to live in France then a holiday at a summer camp, in somewhere like the French Alps, is a great way of meeting new people and immersing yourself in all things French. Make sure you take your phrase book and watch lots of your rented DVDs before you go. Plus you get to learn lots of new activities.

Play Games in French

Whatever it is, bingo (easier to start with numbers) crosswords or computer games – play them only in French for at least a week. At the end of the week you’ll be ready for the ultimate challenge:  French Scrabble!  You might need to find a French Dictionary to go with your phrasebook.

Overwhelm Your Mind with French!

Label every single item in your house with its French name, from the cutlery to the bathroom accessories and your dog or cat. Use brightly coloured labels so you can’t miss them (and nor can anyone else). Before long the whole house will be speaking in French and – depending on what sort of people you live with – asking where the monkey is. At last!

Live in France!

What better way to learn a language than to actually live in the country where it’s spoken? You won’t find the soaps and reality shows with English subtitles there. Throw yourself in at the deep end and live like the French. If the prospect of living in France is hampered somewhat by your lack of budget, why not apply for a summer job at an adventure camp where you can have fun, earn some cash to cover your costs and learn to speak French.

So that’s it, I’m off to buy the book, watch the film, sing the songs, label the house and get some extra points at Scrabble – before I book my holiday of course. The best time to start learning is now so whatever your preferred method the key is consistency. Even ten minutes a day will make a difference. Allez then – and bonne chance!     

Biog: Kate Smedley will be off to summer camp in the French Alps this year.

The English language, as we know it today is barely recognizable from its Germanic roots, and the modern reader may experience some difficulty interpreting the meaning from the terminology of most people living from 1100 through the 1500’s.  This era, in terms of language development and evolution, is characterized by what is termed “Middle English.” This epoch utilized certain aspects of French vocabulary, and we can see evidence of this throughout the works of Chaucers’ famed “Canterbury Tales,” and other masterpieces.  

Many of the modifications are trivial, and are easily identifiable by applying spelling and pronunciation differences, for example; “younge sonne,” “melodye,” and “slepen nyght;” however, some terms are not so easy to determine meaning or context for the casual reader, including; “durste,” “clepe,” and the term “I wot.” 

The easily recognizable terms that were prominent in Chaucer’s era are words still in use today, and do still bear some resemblance to the Middle English form.  Oftentimes, the reader can discern the context by analyzing the other words within the same sentence or line of poetry.  The term “younge sonne” even to the casual reader is readily identifiable to refer to a “young son.”  Similarly, “melodye,” can be translated as “melody.”  These are good examples of this phonetic resemblance; it would appear that only the spellings are altered.  Even, the term “slepen nyght,” can still be identified as referring to “sleeping night,” in spite of the visual differences between the Middle and Modern versions by simply uttering the words aloud.  Therefore, readers of Chaucer and other Middle English authors can faithfully rely on their acquired knowledge of phonetics, vocabulary and word recognition to assist them with comprehension and thus, decipher context from the reading.

With that said, many words circulating during this time are no longer used today or “has become obsolete or has changed its meaning over the centuries.”  Many of the terms have ambiguous meanings, or have differing meanings for differing contexts.  One such situation occurs when attempting to decipher the meaning of the word “durst.”  The Concise Dictionary of Middle English offers several synonyms for “durst,” ranging from “I dare,” to “dear.”  Michael Murphy, a scholar who has extensively researched Middle to Modern translations, and who has specifically concerned himself with the work of Chaucer, proclaims the proper interpretation of “dare” is a more accurate clarification of Chaucer’s’ writing.  Murphy’s work can be found online here; http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/webcore/murphy/canterbury/1intro.pdf

There seems to be less disagreement with the term “clepe,” and is taken to mean to “call.”  The Concise Dictionary of Middle English however, defines the term as a similar verb, translating as “recall.”  Alphadictionary.com is in agreement with Murphys’ translation  and clarifies that “clepe” means to call out a name.

The third term to be discussed, “I wot” seems to have derived from Shakespearian old English, and means, “I know,” and once again, is in agreement with Murphys’ analysis. 

Probably the best evidence to explain changes in pronunciations is a trend that has been termed “The Great Vowel Change,” which began in “the twelfth century and continuing until the eighteenth century.”  However, the most prominent changes occurred during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.  Harvard University scholars maintain this change occurred because “Old and Middle English were written in the Latin alphabet and the vowels were represented by the letters assigned to the sounds in Latin.” Consequently, there had been an increased awareness that there was a need to create a new alphabet, because “the pronunciation of English had moved so far from its visual representation.”  The sixteenth century saw the beginning of the English language reformation, a movement that scholars at Harvard insist, is “still active today.” (L. D. Benson)  The Great Vowel Change had a huge impact on Chaucers’ writings. 

Michael Murphy points out that the changes that ensued in the English language were not consistent.  Words that once rhymed in Chaucer’s poetry suddenly were no longer phonetically similar.  For example, when Chaucer was writing, the words “hood,” “blood,” and “mood,” all rhymed  with one another, as did “save,” “heart,” and “convert,” and we can see that the “most observable shift [is evident in the vowels] from o to u.”  (Murphy)

If the Harvard scholars are correct, and that the evolution of the English language is a continual process then we may never find a proper or standardized version.  It is interesting to note that there are many variations of the language in use today, accounting for educational and cultural differences and the problem of ensuring a consistent form may be more complicated that scholars thought in the beginning of this project.  There are generational differences in the way language is used in the current era, easily recognizable by the younger population using acrostics or “text talk” to convey a message.

To highlight this point, a quick “Google” search provides several results translating the Middle English term “wot” to “waste of time,” and given the artistic flair of language during the Old and Middle English period, it is difficult to determine whether Shakespeare and Chaucer would be amused or mortified by the contemporary changes in communication forms.

Those with a passive interest in languages will note that almost all Germanic and French influences, at least phonetically, are obsolete in the Modern form, yet we retain certain spelling similarities.  However, even this is not consistent considering regional dialects and geographic location. It is assumed then, that the English language will continue to make changes and evolve until the end of time and will provide a continual source of study for language majors.

HOW TO DEAL WITH THEM

1. Well, if you’re still reading this, you clearly don’t like a teacher. So step one in dealing with them is quite simple: Let it be known that you don’t like them.

HOW TO DO THIS

Put your feet up on the seat in front of you and yawn. A LOT. Then, disregard all of her advice.

Don’t do your work. Let it go. If the teacher is old, tell them off because they lost it. Tell her every time that she tries to call on you that you don’t know the answer to that question because she is a terrible teacher

Make her feel like and idiot because she is one. And if you don’t mind getting a detention or something, you can really go far on this one

SO, in conclusion to this section, dealing with a teacher who gives you a lot of problems due to her immense amount of stupidity you must act like a bitch and tell her off to make sure that she stops and to get on her nerves.

HOW TO TURN THE TABLES

Teach them a lesson instead of them teaching you, because really, that’s no fun now is it?

                Tell her that’s she’s wrong even when she’s right. Prove your point in a way that is stupidly realistic, so that she falls for it. If the rest of the people in the class don’t like her either, they’ll go along with you, and you’re golden. From that point on, make sure that she continues to give your far-fetched version of the answer for the rest of the year when she refers to the subject.

                You leave when you want to, as long as the rest of the class goes to. Like, for example, my school has CAPTS so the schedule was a two hour delay schedule. For three days the Spanish teacher let us out on the freshmen lunch schedule: Ten minutes early. The last day, she changed the time to put the right one down. So, naturally we needed to change it. Eight people later, we didn’t get caught, the time didn’t get changed, but she still let us out early. Well, no not really. But she told us that we didn’t need to do anything for the next ten minutes because we were already packed up.

Just a side comment or two….. First of all, a few kids went to Spain for a school trip and the people in Spain that actually spoke Spanish; yes they said that they weren’t talking Spanish they were talking French. On top of that, a few papers were never corrected from Spanish class. Apparently our 80 year old teacher went flying around a corner and they flew right out of the window: Road rage?

In the next article:

How to piss them off

I’m taking suggestions for other sub-categories (comment with your idea, and I’ll probably go with it)

The French Revolution was a horrible time, but not just because of the terrible things the people did. “Everything must be reformed” was what the French people spoke. What happened prior to the revolution, the reasons for the revolution? The French Revolution did not happen overnight. It happened over the course of years.

            One of the main issues was debt. Louis XIV dug a hug pit of debt to fund his war efforts. The taxes went up and the morale went down. Great Britain was also in a financial downward, but their taxes effected everyone while in France the clergy and nobility were exempted. This was a bad move for France. Its citizens worked hard to earn their money while the nobles did nothing. Another problem was the scarcity of food. Certain crops failed in the 1780s which cause shortages which in turn led to higher prices. Peasants could not afford any more food at these higher prices. During the American Revolution, King Louis XVI helped America during its time of need, but not without a costly coin. These events led to their financial and agricultural crisis.

            “Tax them too!” That is what the citizens cried. In May 1789 the King summon the Estates-General at Versailles – this was the first time since 1614. The Estates-General was a legislative assembly of different classes; clergy, nobles, and the commoners – the Third Estate. There were only three basic votes – one for each class. The reason for summoning the Estates-General was to decide whether the King should tax the nobles and clergy. Since the Estates-General was two-thirds nobles and clergy the act fell through. The Third Estate complained because they represented ninety-seven percent of the population. The Third Estate was enraged and broke away from the bond that tied the nation together, calling themselves the “National Assembly”.

            The French Revolution was about to begin. On July 14, 1789 the Assembly stormed the Bastille prison – Bastille Day. In August the Assembly rid feudalism and wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man. Paper money was made which led to inflation. In June 1791 the King tried to flee with some nobles, – his flight to Varennes – but was caught. They forced the King to sign a new constitution which gave half of his powers to the National Assembly. The people separated in to their own factions, Feuillants, Girondins, and Jacobins. War was waged on Austria and Prussia. The war did not go so well due to the money it took out of France’s pocket. On January 21, 1793 King Louis XVI was executed by the guillotine. The citizens of France thought by his death the revolution could advance further. The country was in an outburst, the people started to riot and others started counter-revolutions. The Committee of Public Security came under the control of Maimilien Robespierre. The Reign of Terror began. Thousands were killed by the guillotine to “further” the revolution. Many were killed by false accusations of counter-revolutions. Although some were accurate death was completely uncalled for. On July 28, 1794 Maximilien was executed by the guillotine.

 In 1795 a new constitution was made. Executive power was held by five directors appointed annually by a bicameral parliament. The bicameral parliament was made up of 500 representatives and 250 senators. And eventually on November 9, 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte gained power and proclaimed emperor.

            Thus ends the French Revolution and it all started with debt. Debt and bad whether that killed crops revealed the hatred in people. Although the citizen’s intentions seemed right in the beginning, the result of their thoughts of liberation turned out to be tragic. The people formed their “National Assembly” and started their revolt. Innocent lives were killed during the revolution. Even if you looked at someone wrong he could get you killed by accusing you of a counter-revolution. It was a terrible time that we pray never repeats.

English French Pronunciation

Hello Salut sah-loo
Good morning/good day Bon jour bon-zhoor
Good afternoon Bon après-midi bon ah-pray mee-dee
Good evening Bon soir bon-swar
Yes/No Oui/Non whee/no
Please S’il vous plaît seel voo play
I’m hungry J’ai faim zhay fam
I’m thirsty J’ai soif zhay swof
I can’t speak French well Je ne parle pas bien français zhuh nuh PAHRL pah byahng frahng-SEH
Where’s the toilet? Où sont les toilettes? OOH sohng lay twa-LEHT? 
Do you speak English? Parlez-vous anglais? par-lay voo zon-glay
Pleased to meet you Enchanté ohn–shahn-tay
How are you? Comment allez-vous? kom-mohn tah-lay voo
Fine thanks and you? Merci et vous? bee-ehn mer-see ay voo?
I don’t understand Je ne comprends pas jhuhn kom-prohn pah
Please speak slowly Parlez lentement par-lay lehn-ta-mohn
Excuse me Excusez-moi ex-koo-zay mwah
I’m sorry Desolé/Pardon day-zoh-lay/pahr-dohn
My name is Je m’appelle juh mah-pell
Here Ici ee-see
Ok d’accord dah-core
Thank you Merci mare-see
That’s ok De rien dah ree-ehn
What is your name? Comment vous appellez-vous? kom-mohn voo-za-peh-lay voo
What? Comment? kom-mohn
Very well Très bien treh bee-ehn
There Là lah
When Quand kohn
Where Où oo
You’ re welcome De rien dah ree-ehn
Good-by Au revoir oh ruh-vwar

It is hoped that this very short list of phrases of every day use shall be beneficial to any one who visits a French speaking country either for a pleasure trip or for a business.

Since the country of Spain remained under Roman influence for many centuries to which they gave the name ” The Iberian Peninsula “, the Spanish language has borrowed heavily from the Latin. Following are a few examples which illustrated this point.

Water is called Agua in Spanish and Aqua in Latin. Spirit is called Alma in Spanish and Anima in Latin. The number one is called Uno in Spanish and unus in latin. Two is called dos in Spanish and duos in Spanish. Three is the same in both languages i.e Tres. Similarly the similarities in the days of the weeks are also striking. In Spanish Monday is called Lunes; in Latin Lunae. Tuesday is Martes in Spanish; in Latin Martis. Saturday is Sabado in Spanish; Sabbatum in Latin. If we move towards the months of the year, the same similarity awaits us. August is Agosto in Spanish and Agustus in Latin. October is Octubre in Spanish and October in Latin and so on.

Even in the tenses we find amazing similarities. For instance we in Spanish is Nosotros while in Latin it is nosalteros. They in Spanish is vosotros and in Latin it is vosalteros.

Thus from the above study we conclude that Spanish has borrowed heavily from Latin in terms of vocabulary as well as in grammar.