The details Technology revolution has changed the face area on the workplace recently, the actual, and, with new technological advances evolving rapidly, for that foreseeable future. ciw certification  This poses the identical style of threat that machinery posed through the industrial revolution, theoretically the machines are units of production that far outweigh the capabilities of individuals.

Over the other half on the twentieth century, businesses, organizations as well as the government did start to store information about their clientele. Sensitive information about any one individuals might be stored using a database using a computer operate. Without protection they are easily accessed. Misuse and unauthorized entry to information can result in a lot of abuse, financial being the most prevalent.

Computers have become the work horse in all sectors of industry. ciw certification site  Economic incentives to exchange humans are high. Within the industrialized west, many workers have already been replaced by computerized devices, as an example: telephone operators, typists, assembly line workers, I’m sure discomfort seen computerized robots on television promotional initiatives, were they appear to make a car yourself.

Also professionals like doctors, lawyers, teachers, accountants and psychologist are discovering computers is capable of doing many of the boring administrative tasks. It can be argued that computers lower worker skills and therefore degrade the products working life. Labor process theorist’s state that managers don’t like skilled workers as they are semi-autonomous. The alternative view is always that far from lowering the workforce skills, computer products demands that employees of the future will need to have a highly skilled, trained workforce through learning and re-training.

However stop worrying, the industry itself has recently generated lots of new jobs, and when there is a think of technology recruitment websites you will notice various jobs which may have to feed the giant that may be IT, hardware engineers, software engineers, systems analysts, webmasters etc. There is also this company of training people and also this involves the private and public sectors, for instance: university courses, research centers professional organizations, classes online, e packages.

Even as venture further to the modern day the advantages of a totally computer literate workforce is vital. comptia certification Computers abound; everyone who expects to take part in businesses will need to be skilled in most degree of computer products. Join many other people who are improving their skills and knowledge and to increase your probabilities of employment.

Based on to the statements above, it seems to me that beautiful photos will symbolize romantic things.To like something usually can be predicted from the self emotional. Let say, most of girls love flower pictures but boy love car or something else. What about the following pictures? Is it romantic?

Believe me, most of the girls in the world love romantic, they are the God creature who has a high touch and smooth. No wonder, they can be easily cheated with a beautiful magic words.

If the pictures can accompany the emotional thing, as we want to declare our feeling. What can we do? I don’t know for sure but I believe you can do. However I want to write a poem through the pictures and send it to my baby.

            The Industrial Revolution started in England with the fall of the cottage industries and the Agricultural Revolution, the change in farming techniques led by the Dutch. A cottage industry was a business which made and sold textiles. It was at a local level because textiles were made locally and a boss would pick up textiles and sell them for a profit. This way, women and children made a small earning while staying at home. “In the mid-1760s the textile industry began to experience rapid change. James Hargreaves’ spinning jenny, a device which enabled the operator to simultaneously spin dozens of threads, was readily adopted,” (Montagna). The Industrial Revolution replaced these cottage industries with factories and new inventions. Factories increased production and were more convenient for the boss. This was a huge change in the culture of England because now, the women had to go to a factory and use newly invented machinery to mass produce textile instead of staying at home and manually making them. These cottage industries required cotton and wool to keep them running, leading to the Agricultural Revolution. The Agricultural Revolution brought more productive ways to farm such as crop rotation, mixing of soil, and use of fertilizer. It also led to the invention or improvement of the plow, seed drills, and many harvesting tools such as the sickle and the reaper. Due to these agricultural advancements, large landowners began kicking peasants off of their fields so that they could have more space to grow crops or raise sheep to sell wool and cotton to the textile factories. This was known as the enclosure movement because landowners began fencing off their land so that they could fully utilize it using newly available technology.

            The Factory System, even though much more productive, led to many problems. Urbanization occurred at an incredible pace due to the moving of farmers into the city to work either because they were kicked out during the enclosure movement or to earn more money. During this time, the middle class grew but poor people were forced to live in tenements. Tenements were foul smelling buildings that lacked running water and sewage systems. Therefore, wastes and garbage rotted in the streets. “Their new jobs took them out of their homes for 12 hours or more a day,” (Ellis, and Esler 204). Even children under the age of ten worked ten hours a day usually in a dangerous work environment near sharp or hot machinery. Women and children were actually favored over men in these factory jobs because they had lower wages. Thus, men had a problem getting jobs. Women, for the first time in history, could have real jobs and they didn’t let the chance pass. Also, on top of child labor and harsh conditions, factory owners had nearly full control over their workers because the factory owners provided the workers their housing and the workers were forced to shop at factory stores. Therefore, they were controlling the workers for twelve hours a day for work, and the workers gave some of their income right back to the factory owner for lodging, food, and other supplies bought from factory stores.

            One of the biggest advantages of the English Industrial Revolution is that new inventions were invented to maximize the productivity of many products that were originally produced at a very slow rate by hand before the Industrial Revolution. These inventions helped speed up productivity. Steam power, for example was used to remove water from mines before the Industrial Revolution. During the revolution, James Watt created a steam engine. This new invention was used in cotton mills and in coal mines to carry coal to the surface. Coal was in demand during the English Industrial Revolution because England was scarce on wood and needed coal to keep the fires going in the factories and people’s homes. Coal mining, however, was a very dangerous job during this time because, due to the new demand to coal to power steam engines and other inventions, coal mines got deeper and deeper. The deeper the miners went in the mines, the more flooding, poisonous gasses, and explosive gasses they encountered. Oftentimes, a spark of a pickaxe caused great explosions. To overcome these dangers, miners used a crude system of ventilation. Later, John Buddle invented an air pump and Sir Humphrey Davy invented a safety lamp so that miners wouldn’t have to carry exposed flames inside of mines. This prevented explosive gasses from exploding and prevented the collapse of miners from poisonous gasses. However, the risk of a flood remained to mine workers. Mining remained dangerous. It wasn’t until 1842 that England finally made official mining safety regulations when a little girl could be found pushing 200 kilograms for twenty journeys underground. Children would tread through water up to their thighs all day. So, England came out with the Mines Act of 1842. Another invention that is popular in the cotton textiles industry is the Spinning Jenny invented by James Hargreaves, a carpenter. The Spinning Jenny could spin cotton faster and more efficiently than manually spun cotton. Another invention that led to an increase in demand for coal was the Bessemer process. This was an important technique in making steel, “Although at least five English or American inventors devised processes for making steel by blowing steam or air through molten iron, Bessemer’s process became the most widely used,” (Misa 5). Iron was a softer metal than steel and became weak after in few years. However, steel was very strong and durable. Steel bridges could stay strong for more than a decade.

            Other countries in Europe started following England’s example of the Industrial Revolution. France was going through its own French Revolution in 1789 and it began using English manufacturing methods. However, it wasn’t until the middle of the 19th century that they truly evolved. This was due to the political confusion of the French Revolution holding France back. French biologist, Louis Pasteur, during this time, was credited with discovering bacteria and finding the amount of heat, below the boiling point, needed to kill all the bacteria within wine, milk, and other products. Germany also had a setback from following with the Industrial Revolution due to its disunity. So, it wasn’t until the 1970s, when Germany was united, that the full industrialization of Germany began. Germany is famous for industrializing through the building of railways. Making railways require coal and steel so Germany fully developed the coal fields in Ruhr Valley and because the top coal producer in all of Europe. A German by the name of Nikolaus Otto invented the first gasoline powered internal combustion engine. It produced more than the amount of power required to run cars. The combustion engine also helped farm production around the world by improving power-driven tools used on plantations.

            Even countries in Asia had industrial revolutions. The first Asian country to industrialize was Japan. Japanese scholars were sent to the west to study the western industry. The scholars brought back valuable information about the Industrial Revolution of Europe. Therefore, Japan also Industrialized and became a very powerful and industrial nation by following England and other European counties’ ideas. China and India didn’t join in until after World War II. When they did, they began by teaching their peasants and other low ranked workers industrial methods. Russia, under many 5-year plans, became the second biggest industrial power in the world right behind the United States.

            The United States’ industrialization began with the invention of the cotton gin and the reaper. An American by the name of Cyrus McCormick, a former slave, invented a tool called the reaper. The reaper was a farming tool used to harvest grain. It could harvest the same amount of grain as older inventions could in a fifth of the time. A few years after it was invented, it was motorized by the newly invented gasoline powered combustion engine. Benjamin Franklin discovered electricity during the late 1800s. This was the root of many electric inventions such as the light bulb invented by Thomas Edison in 1870. Eli Whitney helped the United States’ cotton industry. He improved upon West Indian paintings of a crude version of a cotton gin. He got his improved version of the cotton gin patented on March 14, 1794. Then, he sold it and made the United States the top producer of cotton in the world. England’s textile factories thrived from the increase in the supply of cotton. The downside of the invention of the cotton gin was that more slaves were required to grow and pick cotton to fuel the cotton gins. It is said that the invention of the cotton gin significantly extended the length of slavery. Nonetheless, Britain and the United States were two of the first countries in the world to abolish slavery. Eli Whitney is also credited for the concept of interchangeable parts. Before he did so, one would have to take broken items to the blacksmith and have them work at it for a long time. Also, items were often one of a kind. With interchangeable parts, however, one could just replace a part of a broken item. Eli Whitney found the need to implement this technique when he was ordered to mass produce muskets.

With the Industrial Revolution, the mobility of the world increased. It went from local to international. Many new methods of transportation were invented. Eli Whitney’s concept not only provided faster and more efficient reparation of items, but it also allowed for the invention of the assembly line by Henry Ford. Henry Ford was the inventor of the automobile and is also credited with the discovery of the moving assembly line concept. He used interchangeable parts on an assembly line to produce cars at a very fast pace. Thus, he was the person who introduced the idea of an increase in private mobility of the common individual. Robert Fulton invented a steamboat using James Watt’s steam engine, improving transportation during the time period. The invention of the steamboat allowed the mass transportation of goods over the sea. Due Nikolaus Otto’s invention of the combustion engine, the Wright brothers were able to build the first airplane in the world. The invention of the airplane became an option for worldwide transportation.

The United States was one of the major industrialized powers in the world. The United States Industrial Revolution wasn’t unlike England’s. It had the urbanization, new inventions, and a huge increase in productivity. An example of one of the tragedies that was a result of unsafe working conditions during the United States Industrial Revolution can be portrayed by one of Jonathan Fink’s poems, “The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory caught fire in New York City on March 25, 1911. One hundred and forty-six workers perished. The majority of the victims were young women who had immigrated to America. Poor working conditions in the factory, insufficient escape methods, and the negligence of the building’s owners exacerbated the tragedy. The collective outrage after the tire led to heightened support for labor unions as well as significant labor reform,” (Fink 135-136). To solve this problem, labor unions were created. These labor unions were recognized as representatives of the middle class on behalf of their working conditions, wages, benefits, and even the right to vote. Labor unions were counter productive for companies but they made working safer and more economical for the workers.

Industrialization requires many resources, especially raw materials, because factories and new inventions must have them to work. Demand for coal and iron skyrocketed during these times. Even lumber became expensive in England. With a scarcity of lumber the cold weather can be deadly to the residents of England. To attain more raw resources, England, and many other countries, took on a policy of imperialism. Imperialism is the domination of a foreign land politically and economically. There are three main types of Imperialism. These include protectorates, colonies, and spheres of influence.

There were many reasons to imperialize other countries. However, the main three reasons, other than to attain raw materials, were nationalism, balance of power, and white man’s burden. The mother countries wanted to prove their power to the world by controlling most of it. They wanted to keep up with the times and other powerful countries. Also, they thought that Europeans were superior to other people of the world. Thus, they felt obliged to civilize foreign people.

A protectorate is an implied agreement between two countries where a country is partially controlled by a stronger mother country in return for protection. Protectorates are often against the will of the controlled country and are often made official by a treaty. In a protectorate, the mother country has control, but it does not have possession. Examples of protectorates can be found in Uganda during the early 19th century. The British had a significant amount of control over Uganda and its raw materials. Another example of a protectorate is the British’s control over a part of the delta of the Niger River in Nigeria. The area had vast quantities of oil that the British wanted.

A colony is a group of people who go to settle in a foreign territory and are closely associated with the parent country. It uses the policy of mercantilism and is controlled fully by a distant country. It exists to benefit the mother country, even if it means handing over all of their raw materials. A very popular example of a colony is Jamestown. Jamestown was a colony owned by the British and sponsored by the Virginia Company of London. India was also a colony owned and controlled by the British. Another colony is Cuba. As a result of the Spanish American War, the United States gained control over Cuba from Spain. Cuba, however, eventually gained its independence through its victory in the Cuban Revolution. This worried the United States because they knew this would set an example for other colonies. Many colonies began to gain their independence over the years after the United States set an example for others to follow.

A sphere of influence is when a powerful country interferes with the affair of an inferior, or less powerful, country. China is the major country that was affected by this during the time of Imperialism because other countries came and carved it up for themselves. This gave rise to the Boxer Rebellion in China. The Boxer Rebellion consisted of a group of Chinese people who rebelled against imperialism in China. They believed that they were impervious to bullets and pain.

The Suez Canal was also a source of Imperialism, especially for the French British. This canal was build by the French to connect the Red and Mediterranean Sea. However, the British easily took control of Egypt by using a figurehead ruler and taking the Suez for themselves. The Imperialism of the Suez Canal was route to imperializing other countries like India. Using the Suez Canal, the British could send reinforcements to India much faster in case of a conflict. The Panama Canal was also a major area of Imperialism because the United States wanted Panama to build a canal but Colombia was in control of Panama back then and refused. So, the United States helped free Panama from Colombian control and got control of the canal. The Panama Canal, like the Suez Canal, connected the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. As a result of the United States’ hand in the liberation, The United States attained the canal which they later gave to Panama.

There was a lot of competition between the mother countries of Imperialism. England and France had many colonies and protectorates around the world. They got lots of materials from all of their empires. The natives of the empires were a source of free labor for these countries. So, Germany and Italy became jealous because they wanted to get raw materials also. This created tension and unpopularity. Also, it allowed for the rise of suspicion and tension. They each wanted their country to be the best and the most powerful, which led to worldwide conflicts. These conflicts led to World War I. The Industrial Revolution had introduced new technology which allowed for better weaponry. Also, the steam boat played a big factor in the first Great War I because it allowed the United States, when it was isolationist during the First World War and Second World War, to supply England with resources to win the war. Due to these advantages, battle strategies were changed accordingly. An example of this change is trench warfare and its liberal use in World War I. It allowed for the new weaponry’s long range to be full utilized and less casualties. The new mortars and other artillery could be very helpful with the trenches to do mass killing.

Also, recruiting soldiers was made much easier due to the massive urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. The spread of nationalism also played a big factor in World War I. With the massive urbanization, it was much easier to spread an idea among many people in few places. Also, it became much easier and faster to build weapons and other supplies locally, especially with Eli Whitney’s discovery of interchangeable parts. To do so, however, raw materials were needed in mass quantity. Japan is a great example of the demand for raw materials during that time period. Japan, during World War II, was in need of resources to produce items to sell to other Asian countries. So, to attain these resources, Japan attacks China during World War II. This is just one of the examples of the desperation for resources during the Industrial Age. The Industrial Revolution was the sole but massive source of this new and hectic demand.

The Industrial Revolution changed the world. Whether for good or bad, is dependent of one’s opinion. The facts are simple. The Revolution brought with it an era of the advancement of tools resulting in an increase in productivity in many countries over the world. However, it also brought dangerous working conditions and a world war. It is almost a concrete fact that it helped the advancement of science, technology, and maybe even culture. On the other hand, it is also true that it indirectly caused the death of millions. The Industrial Revolution was an extremely long period of change. It was gradual and occurred over a long time period. Thus, slowly but steadily, it changed the lives of decades of oncoming generations of people, which is due to the Industrial Revolution itself and the domino effect that the Industrial Revolution created. It caused worldwide Imperialism which, with the help of the Industrial Revolution, caused World War I. Then, World War I eventually caused World War II due to tensions among countries and the Great Depression, a result of the blaming of Germany in World War I’s Treaty of Versailles. The Industrial Revolution brought the world where it is today.

Bibliography

Ellis, Elisabeth, and Anthony Esler. World History Connections to Today: The Modern Era. New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2003. 204. Print.

Fink, Jonathan. “Conflagration and Wage: The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, 1911.” TriQuarterly 135-136 (2009): 150+. General OneFile. Web. 22 Apr. 2011.

Document URL

http://find.galegroup.com/gps/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T002&prodId=IPS&docId=A222480117&source=gale&userGroupName=va_s_042_0554&version=1.0

Misa, Thomas. A Nation of Steel. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995. 5. Print.

Montagna, Joseph. “The Industrial Revolution.” Yale. Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute, 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2011. .

Toffler, Alvin. The Third Wave. Bantam Books, 1980. 98-99. Print.

Pugin published a series of manifestos. The first had the fabulous title Contrasts, or a parallel between the noble edifices of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and similar buildings of the present day; shewing the present decay of taste (1836). He set out the book as a series of contrasting images. Each page shows a scene from the Middle Ages and one from the present. The implication is that social change is reflected in architecture.

 Pugin’s vision of a medieval town is idyllic and picturesque, but in the 19th century town the church spires are decaying or they have been replaced with factory chimneys. Christian virtues are disappearing.

 The Gothic church in the foreground has been Classicised. Pugin felt it was blasphemous for a church to be built in the Classical style because it was invented by a pre-Christian, i.e. ‘pagan’ civilisation.

 The medieval bridge has been replaced with a cast iron one.

 The town wall has been replaced with blank warehouse façades.

 In the foreground there is a prison and a lunatic asylum, which implies that the loss of religious faith has resulted in crime and insanity.

 There are some very clever details. The bridge now has a toll bar, suggesting that this is an avaricious society dedicated to making money.

Overall, Pugin was appalled by the effects of the Industrial Revolution and wanted to retreat into the Middle Ages. He was devoted to reviving medieval architecture and medieval society. Many shared this view. The Arts and Crafts movement aimed to revive aspects of pre-industrial society. So we see that industrial was a source of power, but it provoked deep anxiety within British culture.

Britain opened up channels of communication with these countries. In the 20th century, Britain experienced mass immigration from these former colonies and this was one of the factors that created today’s multicultural society. Britain now has a reputation for being uniquely tolerant and able to accommodate multi-ethnic and religious groups.

Britain’s tremendous self confidence was expressed in Victorian architecture, which became very strong and muscular. A project that expressed the might of the British Empire was the building of the Albert Memorial near the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park. Queen Victoria’s husband Prince Albert died in 1861, plunging her into a state of mourning that lasted the rest of her life. She commissioned the architect Sir George Gilbert Scott to design the Albert Memorial, which features a statue of the prince enshrined as a saint beneath a magnificent Gothic canopy.

At each corner there is a sculpture representing one of the continents over which Britain ruled. The Americas are represented by a buffalo and Native American warriors.

Asia is represented by an elephant and other ethnic types.

So the monument is an arrogant celebration of the British Empire. The series of statues around the base eulogise great figures of British culture, including Shakespeare.

          During this time, capitalism also flourished. Factory policies had little to no government regulations and the pursuit of money caused “the ultimate breakdown of the family unit.” Because people had to work so many hours of the day it resulted in less family contact. Children became sickly, had stunted growth and they received very little education. Working families also lived in the slums with very poor sanitation; infant mortality came to its peak.

          Because of the industrial revolution, classes shifted, wealth increased, and nations began assuming national identities. Even though industrialization gave England the absolute ultimate power for over a century, it still causes the rest of the world conflict and internal strife that may never come to an end.

“Impact of the Industrial Revolution.” http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/impact.html (accessed July 27, 2011).

Charles Dickens

·         Passionately opposed to the Industrial Revolution.

·         Part of the literary circle/genre/era that wrote “industrial novels,” which describing the harsh realities of child labour, the rise of machines, overpopulation, industrialization, etc.

·         His novels, Oliver Twist and Hard Times illustrate child labour hardships as well as the pollution and damage to the cities and natural greenery caused by industrialization.

·         Loss of individualism bothered Charles a lot. Humans became mere “hands” and “machines,” essentially, who were well overworked by the heartlessness of utilitarianism.

Charles Dickens and the Industrial Revolution

·         Inventions were being made, which led to factory work being more common

·         Charles’ father, John Dickens was in constant debt and was eventually led to him going to debtor’s prison

Ø  Charles was not allowed to move in with his family and forced to work in a shoe factory for a 3 years to pay off his father’s debt

·         Debtor’s prisons was a form of punishment for the English for those who could not pay their bills

·         They worked long hours and were often treated badly by the supervisors or overseers. A young child could not earn much, but even a few pence would be enough to buy food.

The Conditions of industrialization

·         Children often worked long, gruelling hours in factories and had to carry out hazardous jobs – all for the sake of productivity and expansion.

·         In match factories children, phosphorous could cause children’s teeth to rot and some died from the effect of breathing it into their lungs.

·         Children were malnourished, had to work at extremely young ages, and worked high amounts of hours each day

·         Diseases spread, and in fact more than 31,000 people died during an outbreak of cholera in 1832. Factory conditions were evidently poor.

The Factory Act

·         In 1833 the Government passed a Factory Act to improve conditions for children working in factories.

·         Young children were working very long hours in workplaces where conditions were often terrible.

·          The basic act was as follows:

Ø  No child workers under 9 years of age.

Ø  Employers must have a medical or age certificate for child workers.

Ø  Children between the ages of 9-13 to work no more than 9 hours a day.

Ø  Children between ages13-18 to work no more than 12 hours a day.

Ø  Children are not to work at night.

Ø  Two hours schooling each day for children

Part 1

 Exploring our Sustainable Alternatives

By

JBCreative

Laying the Groundwork

Solutions for changing our lifestyles to sustainable, earth friendly products are all around us, but they are cloaked in propaganda fueled by greed. It’s time to get out the machetes folks and hack through the layers upon layers of smoke screens that cloak the “Truths”.

It is time for a new infrastructure that will see us all through centuries to come. I have often wondered why so many civilizations before ours lasted so much longer than our present one.

Our Industrial Revolution has only been around since the 1700’s, a relatively short period of time when you think of civilizations dating back thousands of years that held the potential of sustainability for thousands more, had they not been conquered and “Civilized”.

The core product of the Industrial Revolution was centered on creating a textile industry that could produce, transport and sell vast quantities of cheap cloth. All the various factors into accomplishing this; steam and textile technology, a large labor force, extensive markets in Britain and the American colonies, an extensive transportation system, plenty of capital and raw materials. Problem was, all of this created a massive imbalance to our eco-system. This factor was never calculated into the equation.

It makes sense that it has come full circle and the first thing to crumble from the Industrial Revolution was the textile industry itself and then like dominoes the infrastructure supporting the core theme falls in succession.

Now it’s time for the sustainable come back. The logical progression to the comeback is to rebuild the infrastructure of the textile industry based on sustainability, and that brings us to the agricultural ground root of Industrial Hemp.

To be continued. Part 2:  Unraveling the layers around the big “Hoax”.