Have you ever heard someone use the saying “Well, listen…” I am sure you have.  Even the president has used this statement in interviews on the television. There are variations like “listen…” or “No, listen…” Each of these are followed with an explanation.

I hate these statements. Yes, I said hate. The reason being that the user typically is putting the listener in their place. And if not, they are speaking down to you. In whatever situation you have heard these statements; the speaker is taking the upper hand to the conversation while diminishing your authority.  The speaker is belittling you and letting you know what he/she thinks about you; which isn’t very much.

If you find yourself using this technique in conversation, consider why you are doing so. How are you feeling? Do you feel the need to show power? Or do you feel threatened?  Think about what you are doing. And for goodness sakes, please don’t begin using these statements; it is rude. 

The most important thing is consistency. It’s easy to start something and lose interest later. A good way to avoid this is to limit yourself at the beginning. Don’t allow yourself to burn out. If you want to do 30 minutes, only do 25. Keep yourself wanting more. This is very important especially at the beginning.

Preparation

1. Read Learn Latin in 5 Minutes for a quick primer in Latin. It will literally take you 5 minutes. What do you have to lose? This is easy! And no, you don’t need to have ever seen Latin before to read it in 5 minutes the way it is set out here.

2. Purchase Hans Orberg’s Lingua Latina. There are other Latin texts out there, of course, but for a quick jump into Latin you do not have the time to recite declensions for days on end. You want to read it NOW. This 2-month course is based on Orberg’s book, which can be downloaded here.

3. Think about English. You know that there are verbs, nouns, and adjectives in English, right? Language is a little bit more complex than that. Have you ever thought about the fact that “we” and “us” are basically the same word, but said differently depending on context? And making plurals is a bit weird in English also. Most words just get an “s” on the end, like “cat” and “cats”, but other words change a bit more, like “person” and “people” or “leaf” and “leaves”. In Latin, words have their own rules that change them slightly. Luckily, they are quite regular (moreso than English actually!) and you get used to them pretty quickly. Just like when you learnt your first language as a baby, it’s best to start using Latin first and learn about particulars later.

4. Download a Latin-English dictionary. Freelang is a rather good one (it’s free!), but look around and find one you like. A good reference is Whitaker words. These are 85% of all words in written Latin. There are 1400 of them. If you are familiar with these, then you already have a fantastic foundation in Latin. Actually, of the 1400, many are similar to English (e.g. “leo” means “lion”), which makes the actual number you need to learn lower than one thousand.

5. Download the free Fabellae Latinae from Orberg’s website. It corresponds exactly with Orberg’s book.

The Course

1. Listen to the recording for chapter 1 of Lingua Latina while following along the text. Do this two or three times (you will only have to listen once by about lesson 5) to get familiar with the sound and pronunciation of Latin. The recording for each chapter is about 5 minutes long, so this will take 10-15 minutes at first, but only 5 minutes after a few days of getting used to things.

2. Read over chapter 1 more slowly aloud to yourself. Try to guess the meaning of unknown words from context, and use your downloaded dictionary to check. This is the bulk of your ‘lesson’. It will take anywhere from 10 to 30 minutes.

3. Look at the exercises for the chapter. These are generally only a page long, and won’t take you longer than 10 minutes to do. Do them carefully!

4. If you have the time, read the corresponding section of Fabellae Latinae. It will be very easy to understand already, and should only take 5 minutes or so!

5. Repeat this each day with the next chapter. There are 35 chapters. Spend 1 day on each of the chapters 1-10 and two days on each of the chapters 11-35. If you can still get one of the later chapters done in a single day, repeat it the next day for a really strong Latin ability.

Notes

You will initially think of what you read in terms of English. This is perfectly normal when you learn a new language! After about chapter 10, you will naturally stop translating in your head and accept the word you see in its original Latin. This is a good sign that you are beginning to develop some good ability with the language.

Remember to restrain yourself each day. If you find the work easy, don’t rush into the next day’s tasks! Take it slow so you don’t burn out. Work out how much time you are willing to spend each day on Latin and stick to it.

This is an intense course, although it builds up from nothing gradually. If you can get through it, you will be almost at the same level as a first year college Latin student. Not bad! You might want to spend more than 2 months, in which case, spend more time on each chapter accordingly.

Finally… Good luck! Feel free to comment if you want any support or extra tips!

Old English, influenced by the North Germanic language Old Norse, is an early form of the English language and was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes). The language was a Western Germanic language and was brought to Britain, who at the time spoke Celtic, by Germanic invaders from parts of Germany and Netherlands and started off as a diverse group of dialects. The English language of today was travelled through multiple stages including Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English and Modern English. Approximately 600 years after Old English, the Middle English period started when William the conqueror invaded and conquered England. With him came the French language which later became the language of the Royal Court. The language was then divided by the ‘upper class’ speaking French and the ‘lower class’ speaking English. By the Early Modern English times the language spoken had returned to English but had many French words incorporated into the language.

Towards the end of Middle English, there was a change in the pronunciation of vowels were the vowels started being pronounced shorter and shorter. It was later named the Great Vowel Shift. During this period, the invention of printing meant that people were able to store and read the words in the English language. The first dictionary was then developed. Early Modern English also brought the birth of the ‘Shakespearean’ language of when Shakespeare was born which revolutionised the English language. The final stage in the history of the English language was the Modern English period. The main difference between Early modern and Modern English is the vocabulary due to new technology and objects arising in the modern times. Modern English is the language that we currently speak.

Throughout the history of the English language there were a number of changes made to the phonetics and phonology of the language. A major change was the Great Vowel Shift which happened in the early 1500’s. This included nearly all the vowels in the English language changing. A major phonological change would be the dialects spoken by the foreign languages and the words borrowed from them pronounced in an English way. Other changes were made in the history of the English language which includes Morphological changes and lexical changes. Compounding, Affixation, Conversion, Backformation and Borrowing are just some of the many major morphological processes used for creating new words in the English language. As a natural way of life, many people make up words, some of which eventually end up in the dictionary depending on the popularity and use of the word. This is how the lexicon of the modern English language is able to continue to expand.
The syntax of the English language has greatly changed and it can be observed throughout the sub systems of Old English to Modern English. Not only do words change but also the ways in which the words combine to form sentences change. This brought out the use of Analogies which is a process where a conclusion is reached based on a similar case. A lot of which are seen as ‘sayings’ from olden times which can relate to many modern circumstances.  Other situations arose from Old English times where there was a much larger variety of inflections to indicate the plural of a noun in which we are still following these rules today. The main reason for a change in syntax was because of the mixing of Old Norse with Old English as Old English was slowly dying out after being invaded by the Vikings.

The English language has gone through many changes, some seen as good and others seen as pointless, but without these changes the language wouldn’t be what it is today. After many years of borrowing and creating new words, the lexicon of the English language has greatly expanded and has a very large storehouse of words (with the help of deriving words from multiple languages). Its relationship with foreign countries and vast historical events gave the language a diverse set of words that have come straight from a foreign language. All in all, the English language has come a long way, through the many different periods, and will never stop to continue creating new words.

English: (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

In International Encyclopedia Incorporated explained that Philology is the study of written relics of ancient languages ​​and forms that are older than the existing language. Philology is not just talk about and discuss the words in a text only, in a broader sense to discuss and investigate the culture of a nation based on the manuscript. We can know the background of the national culture that produced the manuscript.

Philology objects found in the form of an old manuscript in the library. The meaning of the text is all the handwritten materials. In terms of the written heritage of Philology all written by hand of our ancestors on paper, papyrus, bark, and rattan, called a script.

Largest manuscript libraries in various cities in Indonesia are well known include: Jakarta (National Library and the Faculty of Letters University of Indonesia), London (Museum Sono Budoyo), Surakarta (Radya Mangkunegaran Library and Kraton), Bali (Bali Museum, Gedong Kirtya, and University Press).

Based on the materials used, can be classified on the text:
A. The manuscript is written on paper and daluwang
2. Manuscripts written on palm leaves
3. Manuscripts written on palm leaves
4. The manuscript is written on the bark
5. The manuscript is written on bamboo
6. The manuscript is written on rattan

Can be concluded that philology is the branch of linguistics that examines ancient texts and determine the original form and meaning to know the culture of a nation that has the text. Or. philology is a science that investigates human culture based on ancient texts of human creation.

The said debate resulted in a children’s story for me that, unfortunately, has never seen the light of day.   But here’s what I learned from that class regarding this four-letter word.  Using Socrates as the subject (and pretending that he is still alive), let me demonstrate what I mean.  Let us use this sentence:

SOCRATES IS A GREAT PHILOSOPHER.

Simple enough, isn’t it?  Now try putting the word ONLY in appropriate places and see if that isn’t enough to make you crazy.

ONLY SOCRATES IS A GREAT PHILOSOPHER.

SOCRATES IS ONLY A GREAT PHILOSOPHER.

SOCRATES IS A GREAT PHILOSOPHER ONLY.

So what do you think? 

In the first sentence, ONLY is used as an adjective (a word that modifies a noun or pronoun).  So, what this sentence implies is that we would never have heard of Confucius or Descartes or Kierkegaard because there were no other philosophers.  Even if there ever were, we wouldn’t know any.  Only Socrates. 

The second sentence is kind of an insult.  Used as an adverb (a word that modifies an adjective, a verb, or another adverb), ONLY is portrayed as a meanie.   It means that it is actually putting down Socrates because that’s all he is, just a great philosopher and nothing else of value.

The third sentence, on the other hand, is the most confusing of all.  ONLY is also used as an adverb here but it has become matter-of-fact.  It just says what the deal is.  No more, no less.  It means that Socrates is a great philosopher but he wouldn’t want to have plans to have another kind of career.  Just as a philosopher.

There you have it.  That’s why I hate the word ONLY.  For such a small word, it sure causes a whole lot of problems. 

      Since I’m thinking of my fireplace, the word place comes to mind.  With fireplace, “place” denotes a site.  But then, I can place something on a table.  There is a sort of relationship here,as I am putting something on a “site,” but not the same meaning.  And the word site; there’s also the word sight.  Now those sound alike, but are completely different.

   Why in the world do the words cough and bough not have the same sounds at the end?  They have spelling that seems they should rhyme.  Or silent letters as in psychology, Why can’t we say”pee-sychology” or just drop the p? 

      I’m immensely grateful that I don’t have to learn English as a second language!  And I try to speak slowly and be patient with those I encounter who are trying to learn this crazy language.

Another important aspect connected with my early spouse and children daily life seemed to be that my dad was a pilot from the This particular language Air Power. This meant via an early grow older We lived your fairly nomadic lifestyle because my personal mom, sibling i put into practice him or her round the nations in which this individual ended up being stationed (many of us stopped at plenty of showdown zones!). Around Algeria, in which We were living for 3 several years, We went along to institution by using area little ones.

As a direct result of coping with unique societies, our capabilities have been grown we had been travelling to various other ethnicities plus ‘languages’ like Persia. Out of an earlier time I used to be enthralled by being able to discover how which in addition to symbolism a single language equated to people within an additional * early plant seeds connected with my own career like a translation had been selected and planted within me. I do think additional impact connected with my personal unconventional youth ended up being i always has a a feeling of the item currently being possible to live in addition to deliver the results luckily with places other than Italy, my home land. It seemed like I was able to often be a “citizen from the world”.

At high school graduation I’m learning English along with In german and I desired to prolong the vocabulary expertise, then when I became twelve to fifteen We took up that has a A language like german pen-pal, ( space ) a woman that desired to improve your ex This particular language. We all battled to speak to start with, which taught me to be know there seemed to be a great deal more so that you can learning a language than the instruction we got going to school — it was essential that you possess a lot of the opportunity to start doing with local audio speakers Mac OS X Exam .

Sadly my dad died whenever i ended up being twelve to fifteen, nonetheless with the period of teen I had put together an outstanding ability while using Us Industry Assistance, your charitable trust (at first stretcher- bearers while in the 1st Globe Showdown : Ernest Hemingway ended up being a member). We handed a good entry ways examination which usually gave me a scholarship grant to spend couple of years in the us, studying together with Usa youngsters in Somewhere warm Mountain tops, San Diego, Los angeles. Since I personally examined on High school graduation as well as College or university amount with the medium associated with Language (along with lived with Us family members) I’d been in the position to additionally produce the order connected with written and verbal Language. A few things i did not appreciate right at that moment appeared to be in which since My spouse and i researched science and also maths, I used to be attaining important knowledge and knowledge in ‘languages’ as well as sciences concurrently. The ps3 turn out to be extremely important once i did start to develop your technological understanding to know elements of technological innovation, including the best way plane search engines previously worked, and so be capable of translate them in some other spoken languages.

By enough time I became 21, I’d been fluent in This particular language, Uk plus In german along a reasonable learn of Arabic in addition to How to speak spanish. Whilst We hadn’t decided the occupation at that age group, I had been arranged on the way which led myself to become a specialised translator Logic Pro 9 Exam

The introduction of a type of language for young children is a form of verbal stimulation. For children who have no problem with the power of language stimulation will not be a problem with multiple languages. He gave an example where children in neighboring countries have a variety of language skills due to environmental factors are very favorable. as long as children are not compromised in their ability to speak, is the introduction of other languages ??at an early age is not a problem, even encouraged, the same does not apply to children who have problems with the language to use. In children with language disorders, plus News, should master the language, was first introduced in other languages.

Apart from his parents at home, is now available for the stimulation of children through informal education, such as growth and development of early childhood. Forms of stimulation, physical stimulation for sharpening coarse and fine motor development, cognitive stimulation for intellectual growth and stimulation of the linguistic skills of language have many parents, the early childhood education is not important because of its demands excessive or lose the game, education and 70 percent of the human character, which starts from zero to three years.

When I heard this girl, my little small head (are yucateca, I thought: I am), “a sword of double border exists, that can damage so much and burn the fires of hatred and resentment, ending that we desire, causing the wars, destruction, pain and even death, from damage”.   Do you know the shock I received when my grandma of Chanita, who in glory is when he told me that all of us have that sword: Benign when we praised God and say things beautiful colleague and vitiates, when one moves to criticize, damage, be and offend.

In my innocence I asked him: What it is that, Grandma? I happened upon it, please “. And he said to me: “Is the language”. “But so that”. “Simple, replied to me, when we spoke or we sang, we move it to and from our own mouth we have blessed and adored Jesus, but also we vote, we spoke badly of our fellows and desired beings, quarrels, envy, with the intent, the treachery, the advantage and the treason.

 Changing a small object even leads to a great truth: in the closing ceremony of  my grandchild school, the Principal of the institution, from the grounds for health Ethel have asked him to teacher who has made the teacher of ceremonies and caused the admiration me when listening to her that the parents sometimes us haven’t listened to our children and much less us has devoted time to a football match, even if there is one in the world, or if they wish to teach its masterpieces in illustrations or paintings, or read the book to us, or if you wish to play or to talk with us, we ignored, by fatigue, and excessive work both in house and in any place in which the father or the mother serves them to receive a meager pay, for the maintenance of themselves, both the father as his mother cares for goods materials, but not by the spiritual and the love and affection that we must prove to them.

 ”Young people, don’t cry, you are not the wooden plug!  So I don’t learn respect my rest period?  Shut up, don’t be foolish!  Exasperate me “. Are the phrases that young people who hear and sometimes go accompanied of toads, snakes, garlic and onions that leave our mouth, hurting them and forming with it, children unsure of himself, with the trauma that persecute them until the God does not call to its presence. For that reason I commented that the sword of two edges (the language), is necessary to control it and to count up to a hundred or thousands, if necessary, before the rebuke of anyone, mainly to our children adolescents, young people, parents and other relatives.

 We must think before speaking or criticism, well-taking care of such children are not close, avoiding to lie or talk to someone, because unfortunately the bad thing is what is recorded more easily in the mind that listens.  We stir up in our home, work and place in where we are, bearing loads of others in harmony. If the so-and-so him is loose and heads permit, so that we have to gossip him to Juan, Pedro or Manuel “already see freely that one? The grant everything and promote a better position and me many years to work, nor take it into account “, or the home when the envy of his brother to another brother because they give more than cost, to food or treatment best him that to another, or when the wife” doesn’t work outside “, but the seat has responsibility, her husband instead of assistance it or supporting it says to him:” happy to you that are sit down that rests “. Do not estimate what food is ready, clean clothes, the beautiful hose and her, to get dressed, quiet, pending the love of their life with its favorite topic of gossip, ah! but the Lord don’t realize and does not use the sword of two edges to blossom, and mocking it to humiliate him. But with the same language adulating says to secretaries or women him with those involved so of getting into its Spiderwebs lyrics link and to seduct it. Sexual harassment occurs in both sexes, but even more when the placebo not punished adultery is damaging and destroying more of the diseases worse. Take care of the sword of two edges. Please check it and respect to others, especially in the family

English is one of the most spoken and learned as a second language.

For those doing this I applaud you because it can be a very difficult task.

Many of you doing this have a high level of education in your country.

So it may be hard to realize that you sometimes use English inappropriately.

I am not talking about spelling mistakes or type errors anyone can make those.

Its in the sentence structures and phrases.

Those of us that have English as our first language,

may actually cringe at some of the mistakes made here.

For a simple example, men is many man is one.

So if you are writing a story about your Husband or sweetheart.

For The Men I Am Love, is not a proper phrase.

For The Man I Love , is correct.

Now some of you may not have seen the gross errors in some articles.

But believe me, I have, and this is not directed at any one in particular.

And if you are willing and teachable your English will improve.

I am disappointed that Triond will publish some of these poorly written articles.

And I am ashamed of those of you that make a derogatory comment on an article.

If you want help the writer send them a private message and perhaps they will improve.

If you need to improve ask someone to proof read you article before you publish it.

Someone whose first language is English, or study some of the great writers here.

The only people that can’t improve are those that think they know it all.

With Love respectively

Lauralu