During the middle ages, the practice of medicine was generally lacking in effectiveness largely due to the fragmented rule of feudalism, superstitious beliefs of the Church and a general lack of knowledge that all combined to leave European countries with no real form of a health care system.

Feudal society preceded the days of countries with defined borders in Europe. In these early days, European societies operated under a community structure where the Lord of the manor had the authority over his vassals. The Lord of the manor and the vassals swore an oath that covered an exchange of goods and services between the Lord and his vassals.

Part five on international relations.

On 11th February 2012 I attended a lecture and hands-on display organised by an amateur archaeology group I’m a member of on the subject of medieval floor and roof tiles, the point being to familiarise us with these particular finds which so often turn up in urban excavations. This article is based on my notes from the lecture and photographs I took of the tiles on display (with thanks to Laura Griffin, who allowed me to summarise the material she presented and to take the photographs).

Author Terry Deary contends that by making history funny as possible he can teach children the subject whilst leaving all of the gore in.

On 11th February 2012 I attended a lecture and hands-on display organised by an amateur archaeology group I’m a member of on the subject of medieval floor and roof tiles, the point being to familiarise us with these particular finds which so often turn up in urban excavations. This article is based on my notes from the lecture and photographs I took of the tiles on display (with thanks to Laura Griffin, who allowed me to summarise the material she presented and to take the photographs).

Persecution And Hope, Part One Of Two.

Approximately 900 years old, Skipton Castle, is a memorable piece of construction of the middle ages in Britain. Seeing it you can guess about the 900 years old construction styles of the area. There is also gift shop outside the Fort, from where the details about the fort can be sought.

Some perspective.

Two skeletons found in unusual conditions, large stones stuffed in their mouths.