Researchers have also learned that Pharaoh had cracked and the palate was so fragile that staff need to be able to move.

Pharaoh Tutankhamun had a deformed foot, which went from serving the cause of a cane, and was a little effeminate. Genetic testing by specialists Egyptian, German and Italian on 11 mummies, including the famous pharaoh, provided a new portrait-robot of the latter, revealing the real cause of death: Tutankhamun died at age 19 after a bone fractures weakened his immune system making him sick with malaria.

Over time, because of the appearance of the young Pharaoh was effeminate even advanced the hypothesis that he suffered from gynecomastia (excessive development of breasts in men), but according to the researchers, “these are just theories born based on archaeological sites, and not related evaluation mummy “. No sign of gynecomastia therefore slightly effeminate air Pharaoh typical representation is only a characteristic style of the era.

But the fact is that Tutankhamun was diagnosed a bone disease, highlighting DNA exam marks this malaria parasite. Infection could cause bone necrosis that associated with malaria, would have caused the Pharaohs death. As its travel problems, they are confirmed by the presence of sticks in the tomb, said experts.

Tutankhamen, who became pharaoh at age 10 in 1333 BC He ruled for only nine years, the last leader of the royal blood of the 18th dynasty, one of the most powerful and influential Dynasties of Ancient Egyptian history. Tests on his mummy had begun two years ago and required study including relatives Pharaoh. Thus, analyzes   thorough  mummy “KV35EL” – or Tiye, the grandmother Pharaoh mummy KV55 – most likely the Pharaoh Akhenaten, Tutankhamen’s father, and KV35YL – most likely the mother of the monarch, although its identity remains to this day covered mystery. The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, were able to shed some light on disputes that have spanned nearly a century. Many historians have suggested that Tutankhamen was the victim of assassination by the vizier Ay, even his successor on the throne of Egypt. Speculation has been fueled by the presence of a hole in the back of the mummified skull. Nevertheless, in 2005, Egyptian archaeologists led by Dr. Zahi Hawass, have confirmed that the wound was produced during mummification, not during the life of Pharaoh. After his death, Tutankhamen was succeeded on the throne by the vizier of Egypt Ay, who was widowed and married Pharaoh Ankhesenpamon. After 4 years, Ay and lost his life and was replaced by military leader Horemheb. He ruled for 26 years before leaving power in the hands of Pharaoh Ramses, founder of the 19th Dynasty.

In a study published today, 16 February, the U.S., about the causes of death and about Pharaoh Tutankhamun family tree or Discovery announces exclusive distribution initulat documentary reveals Tutankhamun , showing step by step investigation conducted by the team of researchers led by Dr. Zahi Hawass. In Romania, this two-part documentary will be broadcast premiere exclusively on Discovery World, on 23 and 30 May this year.

Tomb that he made to resemble the sarcophagus or coffin commonly usedPharaoh of Egypt. Sarcophagus was made with a length of 2.1 meters and made of cedar wood. Elderly men are also planning to mummify his body after he diedand stored in the chest.

She studied sculpting and carving skills as well as the design of ancient Egyptthrough the book.

“It became part of my hobby and almost done. I have one last wish before I wasplaced into the coffin, that everyone should make sure that I was already reallymeningggal before they shut it down,” said Guentert as quoted from Orange,Saturday (17/03/2012).

“I think it is destiny and the way the funeral was to give me a longer life with the ancient Egyptians,” he added.

Guentert during his lifetime was very interested in ancient Egyptian culture that was originally known since 1922, when Howard Carter discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamen. He even visited Egypt 10 years ago just to see objects thatare very antique and ancient.

This old man is not alone in realizing his wish. Retired from the post officeemployees are fully supported by his wife named Joyce.

“This is a little strange to talk about the coffin when he was alive. But the most interesting thing for him is ancient Egypt and its culture. He will be rememberedby the crowd as he passed along what is yag be the goal of his life,” said the oldGrace 73 years.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun, boy king, was actually not much of an historical figure, made famous by British archaeologist Howard Carter, who discovered his completely intact tomb in 1922 on November 4th, which is why this date is King Tut day in the USA.

This boy king, son of the so-called heretic king Akhenaten, wildly unpopular with his people for doing away with the god Aten and replacing him with another dubbed Amun. This abandoning of traditional gods was a big mistake, causing chaos throughout Egypt, a nasty situation for the nine year-old to take charge of, when his father died.

The lad put the old religion back in place, restoring Memphis as capital city, then rejecting the Tutankhaten name, changing to Tutankhamun to honour the old god. His nine years in power had little historical importance.

The young man was driven to repair the damage done by his father, at the same time having his tomb built in the Valley of the Kings, whist ensuring that the building of the temple of Karnak continued. The fame he enjoys today is a direct result of the staggering amount of treasure found in his tomb.

Archaeologists had never before found an intact tomb still containing treasures, and this one  contained Copious amounts of jewellery, chariots, thrones along with food and furniture items. That iconic, and incredibly heavy death mask, inlaid with coloured glass, carnelian and lapis lazuli, and made from two thick sheets of gold is utterly priceless.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun

The much vaunted curse of Tutankhamun came into being when dig sponsor Lord Carnarvon died from pneumonia, media of the time  telling warning ‘Death Shall Come on Swift Wings To Him Who Disturbs the Peace of the King’, written on the tomb wall and taken to imply that trespassers would die, which some naturally did, though Carter himself  reached 65 safely.

The boy king’s life, because of his lunatic father and religious disaffection was barely recorded at all, records erased by  historians of the time. In 1336BC at nine years old he became pharaoh, married his half-sister but had no surviving  children, dying in 1327BC quite suddenly after less than nine years on the throne, possibly from an infection after breaking a leg.

People in the USA commemorate the finding of this tomb every year on November 4th – King Tut Day – the magic and myth surrounding the life of ancient Egyptian rulers still fascinating society to this day. Tutankhamun became a legend, not through what he did in life but what he left behind.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutankhamun

One day, Osiris felt the need to leave Egypt to travel around the world and left Isis in charge instead of asking Set. This made him furious. Set decided to get rid of Osiris and take the throne of Egypt.

Isis, Osiris and Set on the right.

When Osiris went back to Egypt, Set made a great feast to honor him. Set made a beautiful carved chest and whichever guest would fit into the chest would get the carved chest. But the guests didn’t know that the chest was made to fit Osiris. When it was Osiris turn to get inside the chest, Set nailed the lid shut and threw it into the Nile. When Set found out that Isis was looking for him, Set went back into the Nile River to look for the chest. When Set found the chest, he opened it and cut the corpse of his brother into tiny pieces, spreading the parts all over Egypt. 

Many reasons are given for Set’s jealousy. The most common one was that Osiris was made the Pharaoh after Geb (their father) resigned the throne. Another reason was that, his wife Nephthys slept with Osiris and had a son- Anubis. Like any other human being, Set was very unhappy about the situation, but it seems that his wife was the one to blame for being unfaithful. Whatever happened, Set decided that his brother had to go. 

Image taken from:

http://www.neferchichi.com/mum2.html

Credits

http://www.ancientegyptonline.co.uk/set.html

Appearance:

A feather or a woman with a feather on her head. 

Ma’at was the goddess of justice, truth and harmony. Her job was to balance things on earth.

Ma’at was the daughter of the sun god Ra.

The ancient Egyptians wanted justice. They felt that everything that was good should be rewarded, and those that were guilty of any crime to be punished. They loved those who defended the weak, helped the poor and took good care of their families. However, they knew that is not possible to be perfect, but balance was always good. 

Each ancient soul was judged in front of the gods at the Hall of Ma’at. According to the book of dead, when people died their heart was their conscience, and it was weighed against one of the feathers of this goddess (Ma’at) The scales represented balance. The heart cannot be heavier than the feather, if it was, the deceased failed to live a balanced life. If you didn’t live a balanced life, you failed the test and you were not granted eternal life.

Osiris was part of judgment day, too. At often times, Osiris sat as judge while Anubis weighed the heart. The scales represented the goddess Ma’at.  

In order to follow the rules of the goddess, the government of ancient Egypt had an advisor for the pharaoh, and they were in charge of the law courts. They were known as “the priest of Ma’at” Their legal system would ensure that Ma’at was always present in their daily lives by punishing people–you were not punished for making a mistake, you were punished for killing and stealing. Also, Pharaohs made offerings to Ma’at to show the other gods that they really wanted harmony and justice on their country. 

Some argue that this goddess is more of an idea and not a goddess, but she represented balance, the center of the universe, and the goddess who brought justice to Egypt. Her name means “that which is straight” or “truth” She was born when Ra rose from the waters of Chaos and because of that, Ma’at was known as the daughter of the sun god. 

References

http://www.ancientegyptonline.co.uk/maat.html

In spite of the many discoveries archeologists have unearthed on ancient Egypt, questions remain unanswered. Still there are gaping holes in the narrative, and shadows from a long lost age are waiting to be named. Writing the complete history of Egypt, recognized as the oldest civilization in the world, is not an easy task.

In fact, scholars admit their own lack of understanding of the time when Egypt was said to have been ruled by gods—creatures with extraordinary powers. These leaders were worshipped by the ancient Egyptians. It is not yet known who these kings were, where they came from or why they seemed to have suddenly disappeared.

An Ancient List

An important artifact called the Ancient Records had served as the basis for this assumption. Listed on this stone tablet are the names of the ancient kings of Egypt before the first dynasty of the pharaohs. It cannot be verified, however, whether these names were held by real historical people, or if they were mere fictional characters of myths and legends that had been passed down the generations.

It only starts to clear up during the time of Menes, the first king of the first dynasty. It isn’t surprising that Menes’s name is listed in the Ancient Records. What’s puzzling is he was listed as the first mortal king. Unlike his predecessors, Menes was not appointed by Ra, the sun god. He was human, who ascended the throne through conquest.

Unifying the Land

During those times, the kingdom was divided into two—Upper and Lower Egypt. Leaders before him had attempted, but it was Menes who succeeded in unifying Egypt. His crown, a combination of the two realms’ tiaras, symbolized this great feat.

Menes was a mighty pharaoh. Some believe he invented hieroglyphics, the ancient writing system that used pictures instead of letters. He built the city of Memphis and made it the capital. Memphis became a glorious center of the kingdom for thousands of years.

Almost everybody has heard of the Rosetta stone, the famous artifact which became the key to decoding Egyptian hieroglyphs. But there is another historical piece of rock that is also important but not as popular. It is called the Palermo stone.

The Palermo stone provided information on the ancient kings of Egypt. More significantly, it contained records of the times before the age of the pharaohs, the reign of the so-called gods.  It depicted the ceremonies, taxation system, buildings, sculpture, trade, wars, and even the flooding of the Nile river.

The Palermo stone portrayed a human king named Menes as the fist pharaoh of Egypt. Menes was said to have succeeded the god-king Horus to the throne.

It is important to realize that Egyptian civilization is so old its beginnings are still shrouded in myths and traditions. Historians have yet to trace how it began and who or what those god-kings really were.

The stone is essentially a book—the oldest ever discovered in Egypt. Scholars now believe it was one of the sources used by the Ptolemaic priest Manetho when he wrote the Aegyptiaca, which has often been referred to by modern Egyptologists who reconstruct the chronology of the pharaohs and the timeline of their reigns.

Unearthed in 1866, the Palermo stone is now in the custody of museums in Sicily, Cairo and London.

The Eye of Horus

When Set and Horus were fighting for the throne of Egypt, Horus lost one of his eyes. Fortunately, his eye was restored. After winning the war against his uncle Set, the Eye of Horus became a symbol of protection for the ancient civilization of Egypt. 

Horus represented the daytime sky and he was also the one who kept things in order. It seems that Horus and Set kept the state of balance between good and evil–both deities represented Upper and Lower Egypt. Horus was the one who kept things in order, while Set represented chaos and disorder. Horus was the daytime sky and Set was the nighttime sky. 

Horus was known as the protector of the Pharaohs. The ruler of ancient Egypt was said to be the living Horus.