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	<title>Socyberty &#187; reptile</title>
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		<title>World&#8217;s Smallest Reptile Only Size of Nails</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/education/worlds-smallest-reptile-only-size-of-nails/</link>
		<comments>http://socyberty.com/education/worlds-smallest-reptile-only-size-of-nails/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Feb 2012 12:39:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/unos99">unos99</a></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brookesia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chameleon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Madagascar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[University of San Diego]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[World's Smallest Reptile Only Size of Nails.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Species of reptile is famous for its ability to adapt, but this tiny creature is even better than the world&#8217;s smallest chameleon.</p>
<p> Comparable to the tip of the nail scientists Madagascar, reptiles three centimeters is not much bigger than a fly.</p>
<p> Scientists have discovered four new species are named Brookesia Micra, on a small island just off the main island.</p>
<p> Chameleon species is now regarded as one of the smallest reptiles on the planet.</p>
<p> Ted Townsend, of the University of San Diego, has conducted genetic tests on the new species.</p>
<p>&nbsp;<br /> alt</p>
<p> &#8220;The size of these reptiles indicate that chameleons in Madagascar may have evolved from small ancestors and not too flashy, not like the chameleon of the more we know today,&#8221; said Ted.</p>
<p> The new species was discovered in an area only a few square miles.</p>
<p> The experts believe that the reptile is probably very sensitive to habitat destruction.</p>
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		<title>Reptillian Humanoid Race Explained</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/issues/reptillian-humanoid-race-explained/</link>
		<comments>http://socyberty.com/issues/reptillian-humanoid-race-explained/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Sep 2011 20:34:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/xxlexlugerxx">xxlexlugerxx</a></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Issues]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ancient]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mario Bros.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[race]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptile]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://socyberty.com/issues/reptillian-humanoid-race-explained/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ancient Snake/Human race discussed and exposed.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mario Brothers is one of my favorite games in the whole world.&nbsp; Its about some dude going to save a princess that was kidnapped by a Dragon king/Human.&nbsp; Why is this game so important it is because it exposes this ancient hidden race in a popular video game.&nbsp; Very interesting.</p>
<p>This ancient reptilian race has been around since the time of Adam and eves genealogy.&nbsp; It is written that the children of Cain were described to be the children of snakes and serpents; The godless children is what they are often referred to.&nbsp; It is also written when Noah cursed one of his sons after the flood he called him the son of Cain and the child of serpent or snake.&nbsp; We can also note that in ancient hieroglyphs in Egypt which is located in Africa can be found describing human like body with a Alligator/snake head.&nbsp; Also there are many other similar/different type of hieroglyphs that appear from past and distant peoples.&nbsp;</p>
<p>The New World Order that was discussed to the nation by Bush senior will host and stage an epic alien invasion.&nbsp; This invasion will not be good.&nbsp; Which will produce a hero/Anti Christ to control or be king of the world.&nbsp; One man should not have all that power.&nbsp; There fore it wont be a man with all the power to be king it will be an alien or reptilian king/Satan which is spoken of in Revelations.&nbsp; I use a lot of biblical examples because many people can relate to its history and origin.&nbsp; I also like to use examples from an ancient story</p>
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		<title>The Loch Ness Monster</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/folklore/the-loch-ness-monster-2/</link>
		<comments>http://socyberty.com/folklore/the-loch-ness-monster-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Feb 2011 09:46:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/Jared+Elick">Jared Elick</a></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Folklore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[caves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coelacanth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conspiracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[creature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cryptid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cryptozoology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[depths]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dinosaur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[evolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[giant squid]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Herbivore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lake Monster]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lizard]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[loch ness]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Loch Ness Monster]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nessy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ocean]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[picture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[plesiosaur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sea monster]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sighting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sna]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://socyberty.com/folklore/the-loch-ness-monster-2/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Yet another article about Nessy. The difference here, is that I am not arguing for one side or the other. I mean, how could I? I haven't seen the thing. I am only arguing for the possibility.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>So here is the deal, for those of you who don&#8217;t know much of this cryptid. Back in the 30&#8217;s, somebody claimed to see a serpentile creature swimming through Loch Ness. Over 70 years later, people are still claiming to have seen the beast. It is one of very few cryptids to be caught on video.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Every skeptic has some way of arguing against it. They say they have searched and found nothing, that the videos are fakes/misconceptions, and plenty more. I hope to outline the reasons why <i><u>we can&#8217;t know</u></i>. I don&#8217;t want to prove ti one way or the other, I&#8217;m just telling people why it&#8217;s a possibility.</p>
<p>First argument: We have used sonar, and searched, and have not found the beast. Well, that makes perfect sense. Most reptiles don&#8217;t live for 70 years. If this thing is rare, it would have trouble being able to mate, and may ahve jsut dies, and been covered by debris/mud on the surface of the lake. Not only that, the Loch Ness has tunnels that connect directly to the ocean. This creature could easily have slipped out there.</p>
<p>Second argument: The videos and pictures are fakes. See, that&#8217;s an argument anyone can make. How can you prove it wrong? Well, one of the ebst videos was shot on tape. Actual, physical tape. Not a digital recording, and it wasn&#8217;t transferred to VHS, they have the actual film. Waht was recorded was recorded. So of course, it was brought to an FBI video examiner. The man said, &#8220;That could be anything, we can&#8217;t tell if it&#8217;s a reptile, it looks like a flock of birds.&#8221; Although, he also said that the video was real. If you zoom out, it does look like a large snake swimming through the water.</p>
<p>Third argument: We know of no reptile that can breathe underwater. Well, no, not any living reptile. What about the plesiosaur? A few different dinosaurs lived in the water. A dinosaur is a reptile. Not only that, many of these people belive in evolution. They believe that life will find a way, and that animals evolve to their surroundings. If that were the case, if the creature had some land animal predator, it could learn to swim, and breathe underwater.</p>
<p>Now, every similar sighitng to the Loch Ness sightings was also in a place where the creature could reach the ocean. We have not explored the majority of the ocean. We do not know what is down there, and we should never speculate that something must be false because it seems unlikely. Is a giant squid not scared of people, shooting ink at them when seen, and swimming away? This creature is possibly an herbivore, and not aggressive. If it saw us coming, it might just run away.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Also, many reports from hundreds of years ago described similar creatures in the ocean. these reports came from various cultures, even in the B.C. era. People have been seeing it for years. It isn&#8217;t like tracking something on land, it is something that is under the water. If can stay away from view.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m not asking you to believe it exists. In fact, don&#8217;t belive it exists, unelss you&#8217;ve seen it. Just keep it in your mind as a possibility, just like any other theory. As ridiculous as sea monsters might seem, we have accomplished and found some ridiculous things over the years. Imagine how Alexander Graham Bell would look at my Android phone. Look at the Coelacanth. We found that just recently, and thought that it had been extinct for thousands of years. &nbsp;</p>
<p>Just know this: Somewhere out there, is a creature we have not labeled, seen, or even rumored. Deep in the ocean&#8217;s unexplored depths, there are creatures beyond your imagination.</p>
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		<title>20 Most Popular Pet Pterodactyl Names</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/psychology/20-most-popular-pet-pterodactyl-names/</link>
		<comments>http://socyberty.com/psychology/20-most-popular-pet-pterodactyl-names/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2011 21:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/jharmon">jharmon</a></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Psychology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dinosaur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dinosaurs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[humor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lizards]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[monsters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pterodactyl]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pterodactyls]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pterosaur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pterosaurs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptiles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[satire]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://socyberty.com/psychology/20-most-popular-pet-pterodactyl-names/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It seems everyone has a pet dog or cat, but how many people have pet pterodactlys? Not too many. But these scaly, winged reptiles are becoming more and more popular as house pets. And they're good for keeping rodents and other annoying pests away from the house! If you're thinking of getting a pet pterodactyl, take a look at these popular names for the critters.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s becoming more and more common for people to have pet pterodactyls. There are even adoption agencies for these winged reptiles, and groups that spend their time saving pterodactyls in the wild by capturing them and finding them good homes.</p>
<p>And why not? Winged dinosaurs are known to make excellent pets. Not only do they keep rodents and other unwanted critters away from the house, but they also frighten off bill collectors and door-to-door Bible thumpers (who keep pointing and screaming &#8220;the dragon! the dragon!&#8221; for some reason). &nbsp;And a pterodactyl is a loving pet, especially with children. Unfortunately, these scaled critters aren&#8217;t so friendly with other house pets, and have a tendency to eat them.</p>
<p>But with the growing popularity of the pterodactyl as a house pet, more and more pet owners are considering names for their new &#8220;winged lizard.&#8221; After an extensive survey of three pterodactyl owners, below are the results of a survey to find the 20 most popular pet pterodactyl names.</p>
<ol>
<li>Rufus</li>
<li>Spikey</li>
<li>Jefferson Airplane</li>
<li>Feathers</li>
<li>Wingo</li>
<li>Buckbeak</li>
<li>Ahhhh!</li>
<li>Ted</li>
<li>Wings</li>
<li>Dino</li>
<li>Pterodactyl</li>
<li>Pterosaur</li>
<li>Zeppo</li>
<li>Groucho</li>
<li>Chico</li>
<li>Chuck Norris</li>
<li>Blimpy</li>
<li>Beast</li>
<li>Vulture</li>
<li>Demon</li>
</ol>
<p><strong><u>More pet links</u></strong></p>
<p><p><a href="http://gomestic.com/pets/20-most-popular-dog-names-in-the-u-s/" target="_blank">20 most popular dog names in the United States</a></p>
<p><a href="http://quazen.com/shopping/20-most-popular-cat-names-in-the-united-states/" target="_blank">20 most popular cat names in the United States</a></p>
<p><a href="http://gomestic.com/pets/20-most-popular-pet-rabbit-names/" target="_blank">20 most popular pet rabbit names</a></p></p>
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		<title>The Five Craziest Conspiracy Theories</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Apr 2010 06:53:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/David+Hudson">David Hudson</a></dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Five Crackpot conspiracy theories that will have you thinking WTF?]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>The British Royal Family are aliens.</strong></p>
<p>There is a theory going round that the entire royal family are in fact reptilian aliens.</p>
<p>There are two things that have started this. The first is that Christine Fitzgerald (a close friend of the late Princess Diana) claims to have been told by the Princess that &#8220;the Royal Family&nbsp;are Reptilian aliens, and they can shapeshift&#8221;. The second factor is that David Icke&#8217;s (a reporter from the BBC) &#8220;claims that humanity is actually under the control of dinosauroid-like alien reptiles who must consume human blood to maintain their human appearance&#8221;. His evidence comes from an ancient Sumerian tablet that describes things such as child abuse, fluoridation, and the genealogical connections between the Bush family and the House of Windsor. Because of its crazy nature, it is hard to disprove it, which makes peoples belief in the theory even more.</p>
<p><strong>The 2004 tsunami was caused by the US military.</strong></p>
<p>According to some people, the 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean was deliberately caused by the US military. Arab news services have claimed that EMP (electro-magnetic pulse) technology was used to disrupt the ocean floor, causing the tsunami.</p>
<p>The theory is based around the US oil interests in the area and the fact that the United States have been researching that kind of technology since the early 1940s.</p>
<p><strong>The Nazis had a moon base.</strong></p>
<p>This is probably one of the craziest theories I have seen out there. Essentially, some Esoteric Hitlerists believe that the Nazis had reached the moon and established a base there in the early stages of WW2. Not only do they believe that the Nazis had a moon base, they believe that they made alien contact (at least 6 times according to some sources).</p>
<p><strong>KFC causes impotence</strong></p>
<p>It is claimed by some people that Kentucky Fried chicken makes black men impotent. Believers say that <u>all</u> the food is laced with a drug that makes black men impotent. They say that the white supremacist group known as the KKK (ku klux klan) owns the restraunt chain and that the stores only employ white people. Not only is there no known drug that could do that, but KFC is actually owned by an African America.</p>
<p><strong>Who caused 9/11?</strong></p>
<p>There are many theories surrounding 9/11 and here are the most popular.</p>
<ul>
<li>The US/Israeli/Iraq government orchestrated the entire event.</li>
<li>Because of the way that the towers fell (straight down), it is believed that they fell due to explosives placed at the base of the towers, rather than a plane flying into them</li>
<li>No steel building before or since the 9-11 attack has collapsed as the result of fire. (this is fact)</li>
<li>Apart from the above point, both towers smouldered for a week a result that apparently, can only be caused by pre placed explosives.</li>
<li>The place where the plane struck the Pentagon was recently reinforced. (fact) Perhaps it was an attempt to reduce the number of civillians killed?</li>
<li>The FBI confiscated a video, which may have captured the impact, from a nearby gas station attended by Jose Velasquez. This video has not yet been released. </li>
<li>Flight 77 should have been intercepted either by an anti-missile battery at the Pentagon, or Fighter jets from Andrews Air Force Base.</li>
</ul>
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		<title>Who Really Discovered America?</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/history/who-really-discovered-america/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2009 14:25:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/aznreviewer">aznreviewer</a></dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[This article will explain who really discovered America.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492, everyone knows that. However, did Columbus really discover America? If Columbus was the very first explorer of America, then why is the land even called America? To answer this question, we have to go back to the 15th century where we will find another explorer in Columbus&#8217;s time called Amerigo Vespucci. Back then, although Columbus discovered new land, many people believe he only discovered a few coastal shelves and islands. The first time Columbus reached the South America continent, was in 1498. Before that, it was Amerigo Vespucci who found North America in 1497. For this reason, the new world is named America after Amerigo.</p>
<p>However, before Vespucci, there was another Viking explorer called Leif Erickson. Leif was a great explorer who explored many lands such as Greenland and Iceland. In one of his maps however, there is evidence that he went to a land called Vineland. If you looked on his map, you will notice that Vineland is located somewhere around North America. However, before Erickson, there was already a group of people in the Americas.</p>
<p>Native Americans walked across from Alaska around 25,000 years ago. They have been having culture in North America long before anyone from Asia and Europe have even come close to setting foot on America. It is clear that the Native Americas were the first people to discover&nbsp;the Americas. However, if you look at the question, it states who discovered America and not which people first discovered America. If you go make several million years, you will notice that&nbsp;reptiles have been in America for millions of years.</p>
<p>Reptiles have been on earth for millions of years now. Ever since the first fish involved into a reptile, reptiles have vastly populated North America. They beat out humans by several million years. It is clear that reptile&#8217;s have been on earth far longer then any other animal. However, if you look at the question again, you will find it is not which animal was the first to discover&nbsp;the America, back in the day, plants roamed the earth.</p>
<p>The first plants were found around&nbsp;400 million years ago before any animal was on earth. At that time, trees grew on earth in plentiful amounts for several million years. There were surly a lot more then there are today. However, even before trees were first made. Another specimen even more common today, had been in North America.</p>
<p>We have now finally reached final answer of the question who really discovered the Americas. The answer to this question is bacteria! Bacteria were the first living creatures ever to be on the earth. This simple creature have been on the earth for anywhere between 2 to 3 billion years. The scary part is, that is only half of earth&rsquo;s time. Well, you now have your answer. Bacteria have been on earth 2 billion years before trees and animals, and 2.5 billion before humans.</p>
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		<title>Raven, Crow and Corvids in Myth, Folklore and Religion</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Aug 2008 08:18:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/balisunset">balisunset</a></dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Birds of the Corvidae family, or corvids, particularly crows and ravens, are creatures of paradox. Their black plumage, slouching posture, and love of carrion sometimes make them appear morbid, yet few if any other birds behave in as playful a manner as they do.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Even their voices are at once harsh and spirited. Ravens are larger than crows. They are relatively solitary and make their nests far from human beings, while crows generally move about in flocks and are attracted to human settlements by the promise of food. Both, however, are associated with death and share a reputation as birds of prophecy. They are also monogamous, making them symbols of conjugal fidelity. People probably did not distinguish sharply among ravens, crows, rooks, and related birds in the ancient world, and they all appear much the same in heraldry. The blue jay is one corvid that is not black, but among the Chinook and other Native Americans along the northwest coast of the United States and Canada it shares the family reputation as a trickster.  Sometimes identified with corvids in myth is the vulture, which the Egyptians associated with Nekhbet and other goddesses.</p>
<p>The ambivalent character of ravens is apparent in the Bible, where, though described as &ldquo;unclean,&rdquo; they sometimes appear to have a special intimacy with God. After the Flood had raged for forty days, Noah sent out a raven to find land. It flew back and forth until the waters receded but did not return (Gen. 8:6-8). Later, however, ravens fed the prophet Elijah every morning and evening after he had fled from Ahab into the wilderness (1 Kings 17:4). According to the Talmud, when Abel had been slain, Adam and Eve, who had no experience with death, did not know what do. A raven slew one of its own kind, dug a hole, and performed a burial, thus demonstrating to the first man and woman how the dead ought to be treated. In gratitude, God feeds the children of the ravens, which are born white, until they grow black plumage and can be recognized by their parents.  The crow even taught people how to die in a myth of the Murinbata, an aboriginal people of Australia. Crab demonstrated what she believed was the best way to die by going to a hole and casting off her wrinkled shell. Then she waited for a new one, so that she might be reborn. Crow responded that there was a quicker, more efficient way, rolled his eyes, and immediately fell over.</p>
<p>The Greek historian Herodotus wrote that two &ldquo;black doves&rdquo; flew from Thebes in Egypt; one settled in Libya while the other went on to Greece and settled in the sacred grove of Dodona, where it rustled the leaves and brought forth the prophetic voice of Zeus. Herodotus believed the birds were originally dark-skinned priestesses, but scholars have suggested that they may have been crows or ravens. Closely bound with their reputed wisdom is their reputation for longevity, and corvids can indeed live for decades. In The Birds, by the Greek comic playwright Aristophanes, crows are said to live for five times the life of a human being. In the dialogue by Plutarch entitled &ldquo;On the Use of Reason by So-Called &#8220;Irrational&#8221; Animals,&rdquo; the wise pig Gryllus states that crows upon losing a mate will remain faithful for the remainder of their lives, seven times that of a human being. Precisely because of this reputation for fidelity, however, the Greeks and Romans considered a single crow at a wedding to be an omen of possible death to one partner.  The god Apollo took the form of a crow or hawk when he fled to Egypt to escape the serpent Typhon. The crow remained sacred to Apollo, but the relationship between the god and corvids was not without ambivalence. As Ovid tells the story in Fasti, Phoebus (Apollo) was preparing a solemn feast for Jupiter and told a raven to bring some water from a stream. The raven flew off with a golden bowl but was distracted by the sight of a fig tree. Finding the fruits unfit to eat, the raven sat beneath the tree and waited for them to ripen. He then returned with a water snake that he claimed had blocked the water, but the god saw through this lie. As punishment for lateness and for deceit, the god later decreed that the raven from that time on could not drink of any spring until figs had ripened on their trees. Aconstellation of depicting a raven, a snake, and a bowl was placed in the sky, and the voice of the raven is still harsh from thirst in the spring. The call of the raven was often said to be &ldquo;cras,&rdquo; Latin for &ldquo;tomorrow,&rdquo; and through the Renaissance the raven often symbolized the procrastinator.</p>
<p>The intelligence of crows and ravens has amazed people from ancient times. A fable about this, traditionally attributed to the legendary Aesop, is &ldquo;The Crow and the Pitcher.&rdquo; A thirsty crow came upon a pitcher of water but was unable to reach inside and drink. The bird began to pick up pebbles and drop them one by one into the pitcher until the water had risen to the top. The usual moral given this story is, &ldquo;Necessity is the mother of invention.&rdquo; This is one anecdote that could well be based on fairly accurate observation.  The Romans viewed birds as mediators between gods and human beings, at times in homey as well as solemn ways. Pliny the Elder told of a raven that had been born on the roof of a temple in Rome that had flown down to the shop of a shoemaker. The owner, wishing to please the gods, welcomed the bird. By watching the customers, the raven soon learned to talk. Every day he would fly to the podium across from the forum and greet Emperor Tiberius by name. Then he would fly around and say hello to various men and women before returning to the shop. One day a neighbor killed the raven, perhaps thinking the bird had left some droppings on his shoes. The people of Rome were incensed and lynched the man. Then they gave the raven a splendid funeral in which Ethiopian slaves carried the bier and many people left flowers along the path.</p>
<p>On the European continent, where there are few vultures, corvids would always hover above a battlefield and later descend to eat the corpses. Two ravens perched on the shoulders of the Norse Odin, who was intimately associated with battles. They were named Huginn (thought) and Muninn (memory), and they flew all over the world to bring news to the god. The Celtic war goddess known as the Morr&iacute;gan would take the form of a raven or crow and come as a herald of death.  When the hero C&uacute;chulainn had been mortally wounded, he tied himself to a tree and stood with his sword in hand. His enemies watched from a distance but did not dare approach until a crow, the goddess Badb, perched on his shoulder. In one of many versions collected from oral traditions, the traditional British ballad &ldquo;The Twa Corbies&rdquo; begins:</p>
<p>The ravens find they must take their meal elsewhere, for this knight is guarded by his dogs, hawks, and wife. In many wars, however, it gave soldiers a sense of foreboding to see corvids following their armies and hovering over the battlefield. The giant Bran, traditionally depicted with a raven, was mortally wounded while leading an army of Britons against the Irish. At his command, his followers beheaded him and carried the head to the site of the Tower of London for burial so that it might serve as a charm to protect Britain. This is the origin of the legend that Britain will never be successfully invaded as long as ravens remain in the Tower. Such pagan legends eventually led to the demonization of crows and ravens at the end of the Middle Ages, when they were often seen as either familiars of witches or a form in which witches flew about at night.</p>
<p>Rooks share the reputation of the more illustrious ravens for wisdom, but they are more approachable.  In Precious Bane by Mary Webb (first published in 1924), a novel about peasant life in the English countryside during the early nineteenth century, a family told the rooks when the old master of the house died so that the birds would not bring ill luck by deserting the home. The new master of the house observed the tradition cynically, remarking quietly that he was very fond of &ldquo;ricky pie,&rdquo; that is, pie made of rook meat (chap. 5). The birds rose and circled thoughtfully but then returned to their branch, letting the people know they intended to stay. Their hesitation, however, left a sense of foreboding, and the farm was soon struck by disaster.</p>
<p>Though sometimes birds of ill omen in China, crows can also be symbols of fidelity in love. A collection of Taoist lore usually entitled Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio (Liao Chai Chih I), written in the latter part of the seventeenth century, tells of a young man from Hunan named Y&uuml; Jung who had failed his examinations and was, in consequence, unable to find employment. Desperate and hungry, Y&uuml; Jung stopped at the shrine of Wu Wang, the guardian of crows, and prayed.  After a while, the attendant of the temple approached and offered him a position in the Order of the Black Robes. Delighted to have found a way to earn his living, Y&uuml; Jung accepted. The attendant gave him a black garment. Putting it on, he was transformed into a crow. Soon he married a young crow named Chu Ch&#8217;ing, who taught him corvid ways. Unfortunately, he proved too impetuous, and a mariner shot him. The other crows churned up the waters and made the mariner&#8217;s boat capsize, but Y&uuml; Jung suddenly found himself once again in human form, lying near death on the temple floor. At first he thought the whole adventure had been a dream, but he could not forget the joys he had known as a crow. Eventually he recovered, passed his exams, and became prosperous, but Y&uuml; Jung continued to visit the temple of Wu Wang and made offerings to the crows. Finally, when he sacrificed a sheep, Chu Ch&#8217;ing came to him and returned his black robe, and Y&uuml; Jung again took on a corvid form.</p>
<p>In the story &ldquo;Herd Boy and the Weaving Maiden,&rdquo; popular in many versions throughout East Asia, corvids come to the aid of lovers. The daughter of the king of Heaven, who would weave the silk of clouds, married a humble herdsman, and the two spent so much time together that they neglected their duties. The father finally placed the Weaving Maiden in the western sky and the herd boy in the eastern sky, where they were separated by a river of the Milky Way. One day every year the crows and magpies gather and form a bridge across the sky so that the lovers may be briefly reunited.  The lore of corvids among Native Americans is perhaps even more varied than that in Europe or Asia. The major themes, prophesy and death, are much the same, though the tales of the Indians are often richer in humor. Among the Haida Indians and related tribes along the American Northwest coast, the raven is at once a sage and trickster. They tell a story about how once there was no light in the world, and everything had to be done in complete darkness. All light was held in a box kept in the house of the chief of Heaven. Raven didn&#8217;t like that, and he conceived a plan to steal the light. First, he transformed himself into a cedar leaf floating in a stream where the daughter of the chief of Heaven went to drink. She gave birth to him, and for many days he played as an infant in the house of the chief. After a while, Raven began to cry and clamor for the box that held the light. The chief, who was charmed by his young grandson, let Raven hold the box. Then Raven put on his wings and carried the container through the sky. Dazzled by all the new things he saw, Raven dropped the box, and the light broke into many fragments, which became the stars, the moon, and the sun.</p>
<p>In the Ghost Dance religion founded by the Paiute Indian shaman Wovoka near the end of the nineteenth century, the crow was the messenger between the world of human beings and that of spirits.  Indians from many tribes in the American Southwest, together with some whites, engaged in an ecstatic dance to bring about the regeneration of the earth. The celebrants wore crow feathers, painted crows upon their clothes, and sang to the crow as they danced. Sometimes they sang of Wovoka himself, flying about the world in the form of a crow and proclaiming his message.</p>
<p>Corvids have always figured prominently in poetry, and the most famous example is Edgar Allan Poe&#8217;s poem &ldquo;The Raven&rdquo; (first published in 1845). The narrator asked a raven that had flown into his chamber whether he could be reunited with his deceased beloved. The bird gazed imposingly, as befitted a messenger from the world of spirits, but revealed nothing.</p>
<p>In literature of the twentieth century, corvids are sometimes archaic deities that now rebel against the order of the universe. In a volume of poetry entitled Crow (1971), British poet Ted Hughes constructed a personal mythology. A figure named Crow continually does battle with cosmic powers; he may be defeated or victorious but always survives.</p>
<p>In &ldquo;Vincent the Raven&rdquo; (first published in 1941) Portuguese author Miguel Torga tells a story about the raven that accompanied Noah. Vincent becomes increasingly restless. Though not personally mistreated, he becomes angry that the animals and the earth should be punished for the crimes of humankind. At last he leaves the Ark unbidden, perches on the peak of Mount Ararat, and calls out his defiance to God. The flood continues to rise, but Vincent refuses to leave.  God, realizing that should he drown Vincent, his creation would no longer be complete, finally relents and reluctantly allows the water to recede.</p>
<p>But ravens and crows are not at all endangered. Corvids are found nearly everywhere in the Northern Hemisphere, from remote cliffs and forests to cities. They neither fear man nor need him, and their resilience constantly inspires our respect.</p>
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		<title>Alligator and Crocodile in Myth and Folklore</title>
		<link>http://socyberty.com/folklore/alligator-and-crocodile-in-myth-and-folklore/</link>
		<comments>http://socyberty.com/folklore/alligator-and-crocodile-in-myth-and-folklore/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Aug 2008 08:17:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><a target="_blank" href="http://www.triond.com/users/balisunset">balisunset</a></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Folklore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[alligator]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crocodile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[myth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reptile]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Crocodilians, including crocodiles and alligators, are the only large, partially terrestrial animals that do not hesitate to attack human beings.  Since our traditions tend to make the food chain into a metaphysical hierarchy, this makes them appear to challenge human supremacy.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What makes crocodiles even more frightening is the suddenness with which they strike. Most of the time, they appear utterly lethargic, yet they can rouse themselves almost instantly and attack, for short periods, with remarkable speed. Sometimes a lunge will thrust a crocodile partially out of the water until, for a second or so, it seems almost to be standing upright.</p>
<p>Unlike lions, for example, crocodiles can still inspire a sort of primeval terror, yet they do not seem entirely alien to us. The expressions in the eyes of most reptiles are almost impossible for us to read, but those of crocodiles sometimes appear to share a glimmer of human awareness. Female crocodiles care briefly for their young, and according to some observers, crocodiles may even engage in communal hunts. The upturned mouth of a crocodile can appear to be a perpetual smile, but the large teeth that always protrude on the sides give it a sinister aspect.</p>
<p>Crocodiles are closely identified with wetlands and, in consequence, with irrigation and fertility. According to legend, Menes, the first king of Egypt, was hunting when he fell into a swamp. His dogs failed to help him, but a friendly crocodile ferried the monarch to safety on its back. At the place where he arrived in safety, Menes founded the city of Crocopolis, where the crocodile-god Sebek was worshipped. Much the same story was later told of Saint Pachome, who founded a monastic order in Egypt during the third century. He was so beloved of animals that crocodiles would ferry him across the Nile River to whatever destination he might indicate.  The Greek historian Herodotus reported that Egyptians in some districts killed and ate crocodiles, but those in others considered the animals sacred. In Crocopolis priests would place a tame crocodile in a temple, and golden ornaments would be placed in its ears and bracelets on its legs. Pilgrims would bring the holy crocodile special offerings to eat, and after death, it would be embalmed and placed in a coffin. Herodotus, who visited the labyrinthine temple containing the remains of crocodiles and kings at Crocopolis, wrote, &ldquo;Though the pyramids were greater than words can tell, . . . this maze surpasses even the pyramids&rdquo; (book 2, section 148).</p>
<p>Other mythologies throughout the world reflect admiration for the crocodile and its power. The dragon of Chinese mythology, which appeared to the emperor Fu Hsi out of the Yellow River, resembled a crocodile with its teeth and short legs, though stylized almost beyond recognition. A Muslim legend from Malaysia held that Fatima, daughter of Muhammed, created the first crocodile. In some parts of Java, mothers would traditionally wrap the placenta of their children in leaves and place it in a river as an offering to ancestral spirits that had become crocodiles.</p>
<p>But terror and scorn for the crocodile go at least equally far back in history. In paintings to illustrate The Egyptian Book of the Dead, the goddess Ammut would be shown waiting hungrily to devour those who were found wanting, as a soul was weighed in balance. In this capacity, she had the head of a crocodile, as well as the forepart of a lion and the hind legs of a hippopotamus. Several monsters of legend to whom human sacrifices were made may originally have been crocodiles.  In Greek mythology, for example, the Ethiopian maiden Andromeda was chained to a rock to be eaten by such a creature before the hero Perseus saved her. Human sacrifices to crocodiles of people chained beside a lake or river have been widely practiced from Africa to Korea.</p>
<p>The crocodile has been closely associated with magic from time immemorial. In one Egyptian text from the early second millennium B.C., a sorcerer made a wax crocodile and threw it into the Nile River. It immediately grew large and devoured his wife&#8217;s lover. Sorcery is always closely linked with deception, and in Western Europe the crocodile has been a symbol of hypocrisy. Bestiaries would report that crocodiles weep as they eat human beings. Naturalist Edward Topsell wrote in 1658 that the crocodile, &ldquo;to get a man within his danger, he will sob, sigh, and weep, as though he were in extremity, but suddenly he destroyeth him.&rdquo; Topsell noted that, according to other observers, the crocodile wept after eating a man, much as Judas had cried after betraying Christ (vol. 2, p. 688).</p>
<p>Several cultures, Arabs and some African tribes, for example, have offered accused criminals to crocodiles as a test, and those people who were eaten or bitten were presumed to be guilty. In the Middle Ages, the entrance to Hell was sometimes depicted as a huge jaw filled with teeth, often resembling that of a crocodile. The idea that crocodiles eat only the guilty has persisted into the latter half of the twentieth century among the Turkana people who live around Lake Rudolph in Kenya. When Alistair Graham saw them wading casually into waters filled with crocodiles, he was told by a tribesman, &ldquo;My conscience is clear; therefore, I am in no danger&rdquo; (Graham, p. 68).</p>
<p>In the British classic for children Peter Pan (first published in 1904), James M. Barrie created the villain Captain Hook. A hypocritical murderer like the crocodile of legend, the captain is called Hook for an iron claw that has replaced one of his hands. His hand was bitten off by a crocodile, which liked the morsel so much that it has followed Hook ever since, though the beast does not seem to threaten anybody else. The crocodile has also swallowed a clock, and the captain is terrified whenever he hears it tick. Eventually Hook is thrown to the crocodile, the clock stops, and the captain goes contentedly to his death, a bit like the victim of a human sacrifice who believed that to be eaten was an exalted destiny.</p>
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