1. Every aspect of our physiology, every hair colour, eye colour, height, nose shape, predisposition to diseases, asthma, colour blindness, and so on, is due to DNA. Every living thing, including you, has DNA in every part of them. And the DNA is always unique to them. No two people have the same DNA, except identical twins.
2. DNA is divided up into pieces called ‘genes’. A gene is a piece of DNA that determines some attribute, like how long your toes are.
3. We have two copies of every gene. This is in case one copy is a bit dodgy, or has been damages, and we can use the good copy as backup. A person might have one gene for blindness, but another gene for normal vision, so they can still see fine. But if both their copies for that gene are for blindness, then they will be blind. But this is rare. Most of the time, the backup is healthy.
4. If you are related to someone, most of your DNA is the same.

Now, why is it bad if you marry your sister or brother? Apart from the obvious squeamishness, it is bad genetically. There is a lot of truth in the legend that your children together will be deformed and mentally retarded.

When two people, or animals, reproduce, the offspring takes half its DNA from the mother and half from the father. Half the DNA is from the egg and the other half is from the sperm. This is why children tend to look like both their parents.

You have thousands of genes. Unfortunately, you have about one hundred genes that are faulty. Sorry. They would normally give you all sorts of nasty diseases and conditions, but fortunately you have two copies of every piece of DNA. So even if you have one bad copy, chances are you have a healthy copy also that overrides it. This is true for just about all creatures on Earth. We all have some dodgy DNA, but because we have an extra copy, we overcome it.

Now, if you are related to someone, you share a lot more DNA than usual. You and your sibling have much more in common than you and a stranger from the other side of the world. This means that your sibling probably has most of the same bad pieces of DNA as you. You both have the same dodgy genes which are overcome by the healthy ones.

If you have a child with your sibling, the child also gets two copies of every gene. He or she takes one copy from you and one copy from their other parent. Now, there is a 50/50 chance that they take your dodgy one for any particular gene. That’s normally fine. However, if the parent also has a copy of the dodgy gene, then the child also has a 50/50 chance of taking their dodgy gene. The result? A much higher chance than normal of the child ending up with two copies of the dodgy gene and no healthy gene to override it. They get bad DNA and no good DNA. And bad DNA can cause all sorts of problems, depending on which part of the DNA it is. They might be deformed, sick, mentally disabled, or stillborn.

If you have a child with someone unrelated, the child still has a 50/50 chance of inheriting your dodgy gene, but an unrelated person is extraordinarily unlikely to have the same dodgy genes as you. They’ll have their own hundred or so bad bits of DNA, different to yours. So even if the child does get your bad gene, since the other parent only has two copies of the healthy version of the gene, they will just about always end up with a good gene as well, which will override the bad one.

In short: don’t have children with people you are related to. They are highly likely to end up with two copies of some bad DNA. Plus it’s pretty gross.

How is this relevant? Well, imagine we have some dinosaur DNA from a drop of blood in amber or something. Now imagine we have perfected cloning so that we can grow a dinosaur from it (we are far from being able to do this. Even dolly the sheep had many health problems and a very short life expectancy). If we get two dinosaurs and have them reproduce, we are basically talking about incest. Dinosaur incest isn’t as squeamish as human incest, but the genetic results are the same: the baby dinosaur will end up with a few dozen genes where it only has bad DNA, and no back-up copies of good DNA. It will have bad genes. It will be deformed, sick, and might not live more than a day or two. Our revived dinosaurs won’t be able to reproduce, since all the babies die or are too unhealthy to reproduce themselves. We can’t just clone a few dinosaurs and expect them to repopulate their species.

Unless we have the DNA from several dinosaurs, all of the same species of course, then we can’t clone them and bring them back. We need variation in the DNA, or all the babies will be sick and die before they can do much. And even if we did have lots of samples of dinosaur DNA, our cloning technology is shaky at best, and not equipped to handle such a thing without a living dinosaur to act as an incubator in the first place.

So sorry. We can’t bring frozen mammoths back to life. We can’t revive the thylacine. And, as much as I hate to say it, Jurassic park is still a long way away.

The world’s first transgenic sheep produced via a simplified cloning technique, known as handmade cloning (seriously), is here. Peng Peng, named for the two principal scientists doing the cloning (who happen to have the same name), was successfully delivered back on March 26 and is developing so well that researchers have deemed him ready for the spotlight.

Peng Peng was more than two years in the making. Chinese researchers BGI Ark Biotechnology working with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shihezi University were working in some adverse conditions in China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, where climate and laboratory conditions were not ideal for conventional cloning. So they opted for a simplified method of cloning, known as handmade cloning (or HMC), that requires fewer sophisticated lab implements and simplified procedures.

The donor cells were collected from Chinese Merino sheep back in 2009, and a transgenic cell line was established. It took several tries, but in October of last year a successful procedure for HMC sheep cloning was developed. From that point, Peng Peng was the next step.

HMC was first introduced in 2001, so the procedure itself is nothing new. Success with the procedure, however, is both new and proliferating. Successful clones have been previously made with cows, goats, pigs, and water buffalo, and with Peng Peng the world has its first HMC sheep. Which means two things. For one, scientists are getting better at this technique of animal cloning. And secondly: We’re likely going to see more of this going forward.

That is, by means of his sagacity he can distinguish what is right and what is not. Man is, accordingly, higher to animals.

But his behavior towards them does not demonstrate him as such. He is higher to animals in understanding.

This understanding, in which lies his authority, has allowed him to make the animals submissive to him. So it is sought-after that he should b sympathetic and thoughtful to them.

Diverse sorts of animals serve us in dissimilar methods. The farmers are unable do anything without oxen.

The cows and buffaloes provide us milk, which is the most excellent of all the nourishing foods.

The people who subsist in wilderness are unable do without camels since they are used for transporting and hauling loads.

The horse is another true animal. It hauls carts and holds load. In a number of countries it is even used in tilling the land.

The dog is another sincere animal. It safeguards our house at night. It makes us attentive about the burglars and any other hazard.

The people, who exist in infertile regions where crops are not grown-up, nurture sheep and goats for their profits.

Among the wild animals, the elephant is used for traveling and pulling weighty loads. Even the violent tigers, lions and bears are used to gain money for men.

But do we demonstrate our thankfulness to them by means of sympathetic behavior. The answer is a definite in negative.

Children especially, who are the most cruel to the animals for the sake of their sport. They often handle brutally with animals, particularly the household animals such as dogs, cats etc.

They do not recognize that what is sport to them is acute anguish or even death to others. The children should be made to comprehend that it is extremely incorrect to be ruthless to animals.

The adult people are no less pitiless to the animals. They are frequently established to impose ruthless nastiness to animals.

The drivers of the bullock-carts and horse-carriages and the tillers of the soil are a number of the living instances of cold-blooded brutality to animals.

These people are from time to time institute to lash their bullocks and horses so nastily that blood emerges of their bodies.

The animals are so helpful to us. They are unable to even complain for the reason that they are dumb. So we must at all times be sympathetic and thoughtful to them.

By Muhammad Irfan Zafar

Content Writer

It was on this day, February 22nd 1997, 15 years ago, that Scottish scientists at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, announced to the world their having supervised – six months previously on July 5th 1996 – the birth of Dolly the sheep, the world’s first successfully cloned mammal,.

Dolly was the first mammal ever to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell, all previous clonings having been achieved with embryo cells, and this historic birth was at the time heralded as one of the most significant scientific breakthroughs of the 20th century, sparking an ethical controversy storm when it was announced.

The team cloned this ewe by inserting DNA from one sheep cell into an egg, then implanting this in a surrogate mother, resulting in healthy sheep Dolly, an exact genetic duplicate of the ewe who donated the udder cell and unrelated in any DNA sense to the surrogate mother. At the time is was believed that further events would enable researchers to study incurable genetic diseases to track down the mechanisms involved.

PPL Therapeutics  funded the Edinburgh team in reaching their success with the cloning of sheep embryos, in 1996 producing two identical sheep that were clones of a single original embryo, and bought the rights to the research, which it was hoped could help improve not only the understanding of ageing and genetics, but also lead to the production of cheaper medicines in due course.

This cloning, though, raised moral and ethical dilemmas at the time, due to worries about the potential for human cloning, something most scientists view with repugnance and distaste. Even though the Church of Scotland found the research of great interest, doubts were there, and animal rights activists were outraged.

Of course it transpired that Dolly would live only to about half the age expected for a sheep of her breed, because she had, within her cells, much shorter Telomeres than usual, a factor that might have led to her contracting arthritis and lung tumors at a relatively young age, mercifully put to sleep in 2003.

Dolly was of the Finn Dorset variety, and during her life bred normally  twice with a Welsh mountain ram, giving birth to lamb Bonnie in April 1998 and then three more lambs in 1999, though in 2002 she was diagnosed with a form of arthritis.

This condition would usual be in sheep much older than her, prompting further debate over how one could properly judge as her true age, due to the inherent clone risk of premature ageing.  Dolly was a designer sheep, without a doubt, even her name being picked specifically for the appeal of it, and the innuendo by association – she came from a mammary cell gland – with legendary country singer Dolly Parton.

She may have been the first clone, but she certainly began a chain of further experimentation that has seen some remarkable breakthroughs in recent years. Nonetheless, controversy still reigns, and the likelihood of Jurassic Park ever becoming reality, or being able to genetically plan your designer baby is in truth remote.  Some boundaries simply are not meant to be crossed.

Image by Jayel Aheram via Flickr

Ron Paul supporters bank on the fact that they are unique. They want pot to be legalized, they want to put an end to the FED (Federal Reserve), they want less government, and they claim that they don’t want any rights taken away from them. They condemn the “sheep” as they call them, for being against any of this, and being against it just means that you are against Ron Paul, by the way, because if you really did want civil liberties, less government, and pot to be legal, you would totally support Ron Paul. Hmm…does anyone see a problem with this?

Well, let’s tackle one thing at a time. I’ll start with Ron Paul’s campaign claim to “shut down the FED.” Ron Paul supporters love him for promising this and they will smite anyone who disagrees. The FED is the problem and it needs to be shut down and Ron Paul says he will do it when elected president. A promise is good enough for them. Right, because the president gets to do whatever he wants, regardless of what Congress says. And I guess Ron Paul is the first honest presidential candidate, so he couldn’t possibly be lying just so he could get elected, right?

Campaign promises are worth about as much as birthday wishes. And shutting down the FED is one hell of a birthday wish. Moving on.

So Ron Paul is all for less government. His followers think this is a good idea? Let’s recap. Deregulation of the banks caused them to get big—too big to fail, if I remember correctly. Corporations are people, now, because of less government. Yet, this seems like a good idea to Ron Paul supporters, who insist less government equals more civil liberties. That brings me to my next point—civil liberties.

How ironic is it that Ron Paul supporters would claim that he, of all people, cares the most about their civil rights? This man who is a bigot, a racist, a Young Earth Creationist, anti women’s rights, and against the separation of church and state—but he will work hard to make it legal for you to smoke a joint in public if you vote for him—does not care about your civil rights. This man who was an obstetrician and gynecologist before entering the world of politics and delivered some 4,000 babies wants to overturn Roe v. Wade. This man is the author of several racist newsletters, and as much as he might deny it, those newsletters had his stamp of approval. He’s a Constitutionalist, for crying out loud! He holds the most conservative voting record in the history of Congress since 1937. How modern can he possibly be?                                                     

The fact is, Ron Paul is NOT an adequate representation of what freedom and rights are all about. His supporters are the sheep. They will follow him no matter what truth is revealed about him because for some reason, they see in him some kind of super hero. The fact that Ron Paul is on the opposite side of the spectrum of most politicians today does NOT make him a good alternative. He may be on the opposite side of the spectrum, but he is far away from reality, as well.

I am all for legalizing marijuana, but I have to wonder, is this cult of Ron Paul only supporting him and willing to trade in their hard fought and won civil liberties just so they can smoke a joint every now and then? With all the new evidence piling up against this image that Ron Paul has tried to create of being a tolerant and seemingly modern candidate, I think that is the only reasonable assumption a person can make. As a person who debates regularly with his cult members, that seems to be the only thing they care about. It’s time to take the blinders off, Ron Paul sheep.

References
David, B. (2004). Human Cloning Should be Permitted! Retrieved March 21, 2007, from http://www.humancloning.org/david.htm
Pakhare, J. (2007, April 27). Human Cloning Benefits. Retrieved March 31, 2008 from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/human-cloning-benefits.html
ThinkQuest. (2004, February 26). Cloning Debates. Retrieved March 21, 2007, from http://library.thinkquest.org/03oct/01881/debates.htm
Tony C. (1999). Pro-Human Cloning Essay. Retrieved March 21, 2007, from http://www.humancloning.org/essays/tony.htm

Maybe we should complain about it.

You should go check it out and see what you think.

Maybe you would like it cause i don’t i think it looks stupid, but that is just me I’m not you.

Yeah so it was also said on the “youtubeblog” that this change would come.

So comment on here what you think about it, and spread the word to everybody.

Have a happy life, new years eve summer or w.e it is at the moment you reading thins

That kinda makes it.

Youtube is a videosite

that is owned by google

everyone can upload to it for free

go make your own account to day

Ungulates:

Animals equipped with hoofs are known as ungulates. Included in this category are different kinds of animals that have hoofs.  Ungulates are divided into two groups: even-toed and odd-toed. Some animals have solid hoofs, such as the horse; others, such as the cow have split or cloven hoofs.  People may not be aware  that ungulates walk on tiptoes, as their hoofs are like the nails of human beings. Horses and zebras are odd-toed ungulates. Imbedded in their hoofs are bones of three toes. Pigs, llamas, camels, deer, cattle, sheep, goats, antelopes, etc.  are known as even-toed ungulates. Their hoofs cover four toes.  Ungulates also include elephants, except that their toes are padded, with toenails growing on the front edges.  Ungulates are herbivorous, with the exception of the pig family.

Valuable Uses of Uranium:

When we usually mention the word uranium, it immediately brings to mind the words, “atom bomb,”  and nuclear energy.  Years ago, prior to the the production of atomic energy, uranium did not seem to be as significant as it is today. Yet it is important when we consider that it is used in the making of steel alloys (metal mixtures). What it does is that it strengthens steel  by increasing its hardness, and elasticity without making it brittle. It is also used to manufacture yellow-green and red fluorescent glass, glazes pottery, its solution was once used in medicine to kill germs, as well as in certain chemical processes for the manufacture of rubber.   

Fraternities  and Sororities:

As we all know fraternities and sororities are college students’ clubs. They are known as Greek-letter societies for the reason that their names are borrowed from words in the Greek language, such as Sigma Alpha Epsilon. There are those that consider fraternities and sororities to be Hellenic, meaning Greek.   

The term “factory farm” was made up by animal rights activists looking to get a rise out of the public and to overstate the conditions the livestock live in (supposedly “cruel”).

The kind of operation AR activists are referring to is called an Animal Feeding Operation. There are about 450,000 AFOs in the United States and about 15% of them are Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), which require a permit from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NO WHERE in the legal definition of an AFO or CAFO does it state how animals MUST be treated…only that they are housed in confinement (dry lots, feed yards, inside barns, etc).

Yes, some farmers do abuse their livestock. I would be blatantly ignorant if I did not state that fact. However, the very large majority DO NOT. It’s like saying some cops abuse criminals…but most certainly not all of them do.

Stalker…liar…predator;

You lay in the shadows and you wait.

Coward…schemer…antagonist;

You’ve been trying to seal my fate.

Bridge

What are you going to do next?

Who you gonna pretend to be?

Misconstruing, it’s beyond reason.

Why can’t you just let me be?

Prechorus

My world it gets smaller everyday;

Using everything and everyone to make me pay;

You’ve made my life be dark and gray;

Why can’t you leave me be…This I pray!

Spoken

But it’s too much to ask.

Chorus

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

Gnawing at my soul.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

I’ve felt your bites.

Now leave me alone.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

You won’t stop until I’m dead.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

A bitch in need of my head;

Enough is enough, you’ve been fed.

Verse 2

Postulate…Quixotic…Zealot;

You plot and plan behind my eyes.

Egotist…sepratist…lying vixon;

You dig my grave for your own pride.

Bridge

What are you going to do next?

Who are you gonna pretend to be?

Misconstruing, it’s beyond reason.

Why can’t you just let me be?

Prechorus

My world it gets smaller everyday;

Using everything and everyone to make me pay;

You’ve made my life be dark and gray;

Why can’t you leave me be…This I pray!

Spoken

But it’s too much to ask.

Chorus

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

Gnawing at my soul.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

I’ve felt your bites

Now leave me alone.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

You won’t stop until I’m dead.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

A bitch in need of my head;

Enough is enough, you’ve been fed.

Bridge 2

You’ve got me paranoid;

I can’t sleep at night;

Don’t know who to trust.

My anxieties;

Are high on the hog;

You’ve made my life be break or bust.

Desperately;

Silently;

I cower in the corner and I shake.

You’ve got me paranoid;

I can’t sleep at night;

Someone save me before it’s too late.

Prechorus

My world it gets smaller everyday;

Using everything and everyone to make me pay;

You’ve made my life be dark and gray;

Why can’t you leave me be…This I pray!

Spoken

But it’s too much to ask…ask…ask.

Chorus

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

Gnawing at my soul.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

I’ve felt your bites;

Now leave me alone.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

You won’t stop until I’m dead.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing;

A bitch in need of my head;

Enough is enough, you’ve been fed.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing.

She-Wolf in sheep’s clothing.

She-wolf in Sheep’s clothing.

(((SCREAMED))) NOW LEAVE ME ALONE!!!