Different languages name colours in different ways. That is common sense as everything in the universe is falling within the same rule. What is interesting here is that even the most widely used languages are not sufficient in regard to the colours.

How many colours are there in the universe? It depends who answers the question. Men may count red, green, white, blue, purple, black, orange, yellow, brown and stop. Women can go a bit further and count a dozen more colours. However they also have to stop at a point without being able to describe the whole colours in nature.

If you go out in a spring day you find tens of followers which are different to each other but still you have to describe them as red, yellow and purple. The grass itself is green but if you look at the grass in different places you find different kinds of green which you do not have a proper name for it apart to say green. The same is true for and autumn sunny day in a jungle and the different colours of the leaves.

Language is very limited in terms of describing colours that is why we have to use our other senses to help others understand the difference between so many similar but different colours. People might have no enough time to  name all those colours or even there was no need for naming so many colours. Poets used different words to make us understand that there were so many attractive colours in the scene. However painters have no slightest problem as they could paint all the different colours they see or imagine and nobody asked them to name the colours one by one.

One may argue that the colours we know are the basic colours and the other ones are just darker or lighter copies of those colours. However, if we follow that route we may deceive ourselves as in reality there are many different colours coming under one name such as red or yellow.

That is for colours, we have different other situations in life where language is not sufficient for describing everything. One example is beautiful. There are many different things we describe them as beautiful. We have beautiful, very beautiful and very, very beautiful. We may use other words also to express our intention such is gorgeous, stunning, exciting, striking, handsome and so on, however we will have to stop at a point and we have to use our hands, face expressions and eye contacts to express ourselves and to describe the situation.

What is nice and interesting and very nice and very interesting is clear. However there are moments which need another word to express it as it is not same as the others seen or experienced before but we have no choice but to describe them as the same way or to use other words to support our argument or to prove that was different, as we say ‘I never ever seen anything as interesting as that before’, ‘it was such a night that you never see it again’, and so on. Same is true for ugly, dirty, bad, and unpleasant and so on.

Our language is limited and it progressed through our life experience the necessity for different words to express different situations in life. New word do appear and old words die every day, but we are still in need of so many other words to describe our nature, express our emotions and be truthful about what we tell others.

 The brain is the last organ to reveal it secrets. For a lot of time, people didn’t even understand what it was used for.

 EXPLORING THE BRAIN

 The brain is hard to be studied because it has really small structures. His most interesting product – the subconscious- wasn’t noticed as a physical process; therefore, there was no reason to relate that to the brain. But on the past 25 years, with the science progress, the neuroscientists produced a detailed map from what used to be an entire mystery.

TIMELINE:

·     4000 BC: The Sumerians wrote about the euphoria caused by the papule seed.

·     2500 BC: Opening the skull was a normal chirurgical procedure. It was used to treat cerebral diseases, like epilepsy, or for rituals and religious porpoises.

·     450 BC: The ancient Greeks started to recognize the brain as the center of the human sensations.

·     387 BC: Plato believes the brain is the center of the mental process.

·     335 BC: Aristotle said that the heart is the main organ; the brain, says him, is a radiator that avoid the superheating of the body.

·     170 BC: Galeno said that the humor is based by the four “humors” (liquids inside the brain). The idea remained still for over a thousand year. The anatomy descriptions, used by generations by doctors, had as main base the works on monkeys and pigs.

·     1543 AC: Andreas Vesalius, European doctor, published the first “modern” anatomy book, with illustrations detailing the human brain.

·     1649 AC: For René Descartes the brain was a hydraulic system that controls the way people act on certain circumstances. “More elevated” Mental functions were generated by a spiritual entity, which interacts with the body by the Pineal Gland.

·     1664 AC: The doctor from Oxford, Thomas Willis, published his first brain atlas, locating the various functions from the different “modules” of this organ.

·     1774 AC: Franz Anton Mesmer, a German doctor, introduced the “animal magnetism”, later called “hypnosis”.

·     1791 AC: Luigi Galvani, Italian physician, discovered the electric base of our nervous activity making a frog leg move (a dead body, he made it move using electricity).

·     1848 AC: Phineas Gage had the brain penetrated by a steel bar.

·     1849 AC: Hermann von Helmholtz, a German physician, clocked the velocity of the nervous conduction and developed the idea that the perception depends of “unconscious interferences”.

·     1850 AC: Franz Joseph Gall, found the phrenology, that attribute different traces of personality to specified brain areas.

·     1859 AC: Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species.

·     1862-1874 AC: Broca & Wernicke discovered the two main areas of the speak brain area.

·     1873 AC: Camillo Golgi, an Italian scientist, published the method of the silver nitrate, allowing the complete observation of the nerves. He won the Nobel Prize of 1906.

·     1874 AC: Carl Wernicke published his work about aphasias (speaking disorder after brain damage).

·     1889 AC: Santiago Ramón y Cajal purposed that the neurons are elements independents and base units of the brain… He shared his Nobel Prize of 1906 with Camillo Golgi.

·     1900 AC: Sigmund Freud quitted the neurology to study psychodynamics. The success of psychoanalyses Freudian made the physiological psychiatry gets sightless for half of a century.

·     1906 AC: Alois Alzheimer describes the degeneration pre-senile.

·     1906 AC: Santiago Ramón y Cajal described how the neurons communicate with each other.

·     1909 AC: Korbinian Brodmann described 52 cortical areas as the base of the neural structure. Those areas are used until nowadays.

·     1914 AC: Henry Hallett Dale isolated the acetylcholine, the first neurotransmitter found. He won the Nobel Prize of 1936.

·     1919 AC: The Irish neurologist Gordon Morgan Holmes related the vision to the cortex striated (the primary visual cortex).

·     1924 AC: The first electroencephalograms were developed by Hans Berger.

·     1934 AC: The Portugal neurologist, Egas Moniz, executed his first leucotomy operation (known later as lobotomy). He also created the angiography, one of the first techniques to capture images from the brain.

·     1953 AC: Brenda Milner described the patient HM, who lost his memory after chirurgical removing of both temporal lobes.

·     1957 AC: W. Pentfield and T. Rasmussen conceived the “motor and sensorial homunculus”.

·     1970-1980 AC: The PET SCAN, the SPECT, the IRM and the MEG are developed.

·     1973 AC: Timothy Bliss and Terje Lomo described the potency at long-date.

·     1981 AC: Roger Wolcott Sperry won the Nobel Prize for the study of the different functions on the two hemispheres of the brain.

·     1983 AC: Benjamin Libet wrote about the determination of the conscious moment (“timing”).

·     1992 AC: The mirror-neurons are discovered by Giacomo Rizzolatti on Parma.

·     2011 AC: The exploration proceeds and the research groups have a continuous progress for a great knowledge.

From this condition ideas, institutions and techniques developed which in turn produced major tools of civilization which changed in detail from time to time but never in basic concept. It was in this region, known as the birthplace of civilization, that systems of trade and a merchant class were born. It was there too that the first practical system of writing and counting developed.

It was the Sumerians, the ancient inhabitants of Mesopotamia, who invented the first wheeled vehicle, the written code of law, the parliamentary system and government by elected rulers. It was in this first civilization that the dream of man was first expressed in an eternal way through a Sumerian poem :

“Once upon a time there was no snake, there was no scorpion…There were no fear, no terror. Man had no rival……….”

Mythical tales of earlier inhabitants of the Earth seemed able to command the sky in incredible airships and the belief of this can trace their origins as far back to the inhabitants of southern Mesopotamia, the Sumerians, who firmly believe that a race of beings called the Anunnaki visited the Earth 400,000 years ago and interfered with human evolution. This sounds oddly similar to the biblical references of Fallen Angels. The Sumerians were a very interesting people who also firmly believed in flying machines thousands of years ago even before airplanes were invented a little more than 100 years ago.

How could the Sumerians believe in having alien blood that they consider to be gods visiting the Earth in the distant past and is this even possible with the understanding of how DNA works today? Scientific studies have indeed mapped out in great detail Human DNA and have discovered that there are some strange anomalies in our genetic makeup that seem almost alien in origin. This unusual belief about humans mixing with supernatural beings and the notion of Immaculate Conception by the hand of God is also mentioned in the Bible several times.

Most religious groups would determine these legends of ancient gods and angels from the sky engaged in terrifying aerial battles in the sky to be merely God’s angel’s locked in an eternal battle against demons for the control of the Earth and Mankind. An epic battle of supernatural proportions for the very soul and salvation of the human race no less. But some in the scientific and UFO community have come to believe that a different scenario may have taken place tens of thousands of years ago involving ancient humans, mythical gods, and UFO‘s.

What is becoming clear to most religious scholars and archaeologist is that important mythical events actually occurred earlier than Bible history documents. This is a common debate between evolutionists and creationists who disagree with the historical timeline that we have in history books today. Nevertheless, we cannot ignore other cultures ancient religious beliefs and written accounts of human history that is older and proven by geological dating. Ancient cultures predating Egypt in numerous hieroglyphics around the world have recounted astonishing similarities of visitations by gods and unexplained UFOs.

A radical hypothesis not associated with mainstream scientists is that Homo sapiens as a species developed much faster and earlier than was thought possible. It has been noted that human evolution has greatly accelerated faster than any other species on the planet and that skeletal remains of modern man has been discovered in parts of the world where humans are not supposed to be. This would mean that ancient cultures and ancient lost civilizations could have existed over 10,000 years ago much like the legendary content of Atlantis.

Mythological places like the lost civilization of Atlantis could have paid a haevy price when technology overtakes spiritual maturity. If this theory is true, this would explain a multitude of strange anomalies in ancient monolithic architecture and unexplainable descriptions of technology like the Egyptian light bulb and wooden airplane, and the ability to map the entire Earth by way of vessels both on the ocean and in the air, and command advanced knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, and some argue even nuclear physics. The Piri Reis map dating back to the year 1513 AD from a source map dating back perhaps thousands of years before oddly shows a detail aerial map of the Atlantic Ocean and even accurately displaying the undiscovered coastline of Antarctica free of ice.

If some natural catastrophe or some worldwide disaster took place all the ancient cultures that ever existed in the past would fall back into the dark ages or rather the Stone Age after having lost all their technology. This is even true today as scientists readily agree that if the world were to suffer a nuclear winter caused by a nuclear war or that an asteroid suddenly struck the Earth some 70% of the world population would be destroyed and modern technology would be lost and the survivors would find themselves in a new Dark Age just like in the Middle Ages 1000 years ago.

Nevertheless, when scientists and researchers studied the data regarding ancient cultures, pyramids, monolithic temples and monuments, and unexplainable technology, and legends and myths of gods interacting with ancient humans imparting them with secret knowledge of spirituality and technology that we in the present at this moment in history are just now fully understanding and comprehending just how the universe works. This certainly gives food for thought about the more ancient cultures are the more advance spiritually and technologically they appear to be.

What is very clear is that science and our modern world has caught up to these ancient mythical tales of DNA manipulation, orbital satellites mapping the world, aerial battles with modern jets, close encounters with UFOs, and the belief that we are in contact with enlightened spiritual beings is ongoing today and in these times. Some people speculate that we are at a pivotal time in human history and some even fear that we may be learning too much too fast and are afraid that we may repeat the mistakes of the ancient past.

T.S.Garp © Copyright 2010 All Rights Reserved.

UFO believers ascertain that there is evidence in ancient texts that clearly describes ancient aerial battles taking place in ancient time. Did ancient cultures have somehow the power of flight before the invention of aircraft? The ability to fly has always been a dream of mankind for hundreds of years and we have only perfected the use of planes, jets, and even space craft in the last 100 years. But is it possible that the ability to fly is actually a lost ancient secret that our ancestors somehow knew about existed. Skeptics disagree about the knowledge of flight in ancient times, but there are interesting anomalies around the world that clearly show they knew something about it the power of flight.

Archaeologists discovered a small gold trinkets dating back to the pre-Inca era around 500 A.D. that strikingly resemble small jet fighters. I first thought to represent local insects when scientists studied these pre-Colombian gold artifacts; they discovered that the design was unlike any insect they had ever seen. Some researchers took upon themselves to build a small model and launch it in the air and discover to their amazement that it actually flew like a modern airplane glider. In Egypt for example there inside a tomb discovered in 1898 was found a small wooden airplane, a glider that actually flies just like the real thing even without a modern engine attached. Why would someone design a perfectly accurate airplane 2000 years ago that could fly? And why did it take us 2000 years later to learn to fly again?

There are many tales and legends of earlier flights dating back thousands of years ago from different cultures scattered around the world. There is an ancient mythical story of Emperor King Cheng Tang in China some 4000 years ago, who was at war and wanted to smite his enemies and so he ordered the construction of a flying chariot to reach the province of Honan. It is written that once the aircraft was constructed, tested flight worthy, used on its mission, the Emperor ordered its destruction for fear that such a powerful instrument such as this could be used against him in the future and on any one else as a lethal weapon.

Could this be where the story of UFOs is originating from? Is it possible that an ancient culture more advanced than other civilizations of mankind existed at the same time? Scientist just discovered that it is possible that Homo sapiens and Neanderthals were living at the same time and perhaps interacting with one another before the Neanderthals as a species went extinct. The question can be put simply is what happens when an advance culture meets a primitive one during exploration? The inexperience culture will perceive these new men like gods who possess awesome power and have skills that they do not have. Having secret knowledge would seem like magic to them and the ancient cultures would surely remember them and document their encounter in stone hieroglyphics, and stories passed down through the generations, and monuments, and temples, so that everyone remembers that they met perhaps Gods from the sky.

Found in Peru’s pre-Incan civilization records dating back to 2000 BC are mythological stories of gods who traveled in space ships from the star system Pleiades. The pre-Incan civilization was imparted with totally accurate astrological information about how our planet, the Sun, and the stars worked. Another well-documented close encounters with extraterrestrials dates back to the Sumerian culture of 4000 BC.

In the area known as a Iraq today, ancient Sumerians recorded an astonishing history that matches the book of Genesis in the Bible, but the Sumerians go on to claim that they were given secret knowledge about astronomy and math from beings who came from the stars. The Sumerians believe these extraterrestrials came from the Sirius star system, the planet Mars, and the Pleiades star system. The Sumerians believed these supernatural beings wanted to reproduce with them and help them travel to the stars. The Sumerians description sounds very similar to the tales of Fallen Angels descended to the Earth and wanted to mate with human women.

Current research shows that in ancient writing dating back before the time of the Bible that the Earth inhabitants were engaged in some kind of war up in the sky and on the ground. Some in the UFO community believe that the biblical story of God’s angels turning on one another and battling it out on the surface of the Earth and in the sky could literally be true.

The stories of Angels, UFOs, and even airships could have been passed down over hundreds of years, if not thousands of years before they were actually written in the Bible. Is it possible that ancient cultures had somehow master the ability to fly an aircraft the same way we do today? Where did the ancient cultures discover their advanced knowledge of astronomy and aerodynamics? Some researchers in the scientific community believe that legends and myth often have their bases in reality and truth. The world is full of unexplainable anomalies and it appears that ancient cultures knew far more than we give them credit for.

T.S.Garp © Copyright 2010 All Rights Reserved.

The Sumerians settled between the Euphrates and Tigris river. 5000 years ago, the Sumerians created the world’s first writing system, which was called cuneiform. This first writing system helped them with many things. Cuneiform helped them keep track of their trade. It was written on clay tablets, which was later put back to bake hard.

Their writing system led to the recording of Hammurabi’s Code. Hammurabi conquered Mesopotamia and then created the Code of Hammurabi. This was one of the most complete set of laws. It was considered very important because it governed a city and protected the people. The punishments in the Code of Hammurabi, varied depending on the crime being committed. It has 282 laws.

The Sumerians were not the only people to settle near a river. The Egyptians settled near the Nile River. The Egyptians specialized in mathematics, geometry, engineering, and architecture. This led to the creation of pyramids. These pyramids were used as houses or tombs.

In some pyramids, hieroglyphics can be found. Hieroglyphics was a form of writing based on pictures. The pictures were used to represent ideas, objects, or sounds. They were usually carved in clay or on stone. Later, they wrote them on papyrus, which was the first paper, which was created by the Egyptians.

near the Huang-He River, also known as the Yellow River, is where the Chinese settled. A man named Confucius created the belief of Confucianism. This taught how people should live their life and to accept where they are in the society. Confucianism led to the start of the civil service exams. The people took these exams for an opportunity of getting a well paying job. It is known that if you practice Confucianism you will have harmony.

There were many new inventions during the Han Dynasty. They invented porcelain , paper, ink, and gunpowder. They traded their foods along the Silk Road. This led to many new inventions.

Mesopotamia, Egyptians, and the Chinese civilizations were all very successful. They contributed many wonderful and extremely useful things. Today would most likely be very different without those contributions

All this might not sound to strange to you but the story gets deeper and more interesting as you learn more. They made little stone cylinders with hyroglyph type pictures on them that describe in perfect detail events of every day life. a lot like we have newspapers and the internet news sites, they had their daily “scrolls”. I am just calling them scrolls because I don’t know what else to call a little stone cylinder that you roll out onto clay to portray a picture.

Anyway in one of these pictures it shows them receiving a plow from their living gods, who are portrayed in our likeness but much larger than the normal Sumerians in the glyphs. They claimed to have lived along side serving their own living gods. Now the point is in these glyphs they constantly refer to our planet as the seventh planet in the solar system. Yet we have always said we were the third planet…so why is it they said earth was the seventh planet? Simple…they were looking at it from the outside. I know it sounds weird right, like something out of a crazy B list science fiction flick. Something from Eric Von Danegan or something. But it’s true. So how in the hell did a group of people who lived over 6,000 years ago know how many planets came before earth when common knowledge tells us we didn’t know about many of the outer planets until the 1800’s? Seriously they were discovered in the early 1800’s by an astronomer…then in the early 1930’s we knew for sure Pluto was out there. Yet a group of people that we consider primitive knew about these planets and exactly how they were aligned in out solar system 6,000 years ago. What can you say to debunk the facts on this one? What can anyone say when the truth of something like this looks you right in the eyes and says hello look at me.

Who knows what the truth could be. But we as a race have always looked for those answers….where did we come from…why are we here? Did we evolve from animals to become mankind or were we put  here by a higher power for a higher purpose unbeknownst to us? Would it be so hard to belive that someone came here with advanced technology thousands of years ago and created us to do something for them? A lot of very creditable scientists and archeologists have been studying this for about 20 years now. Ever since a British archeology team was allowed into Iraq and they uncovered the Sumerian texts. Is it completely impossible that we were genetically created by another race of life? We can clone sheep so whats to say someone couldn’t of created us? Just something to think about. It’s obvious that there are things at work out there that the public know nothing about. You see governments all across the world starting to publish creditable videos taken by some of the most advanced cameras in the world that show crafts floating though the air with ease and percision. Untouchable in speed and agility by anything man made. So what the hell is it. Look I know UFO’s and aliens are taboo most of the time but some things just cant be explained by anything we have here on earth.

I say all this to you because it seems that our generation was known since the beginning of time by some of the greatest and most intelligent civilizations ever to be the ones to see the end. We see it every day. Extreme weather has been getting more and more frequent. Earthquake frequency has gone up over 500% in the past 15 years not to mention the strength of the weather. How many of you have noticed the past few months how crazy it has been. Thunderstorms just seem a little more powerful than they used to be. And it’s not just here…its all over the globe. Our planet is going through changes that can’t be explained by just simply saying “Global warming”. How can they say that when the polar ice caps on mars are melting too…that’s right, it’s a published NASA fact that the poles on Mars are melting as well. But yet how many of you knew they found water in space…anywhere. How about the fact Uranus is made up of almost completely water. But nope…no water in space folks…guess we will just keep on looking. What a crock…they know it…it’s old news to every country but our own. Our government has been at the forefront of hiding what is really going on. It is just sad that they want us to have no chance…maybe they just don’t tell us because they don’t know what to do about it. The Sumerians called it Nimura..the bible called it wormwood or The destroyer. But the Sumerians explanation of it is the most clear and easiest to understand. Ironic isn’t it…how a group of people who lived so long ago created our mathematic system…the one we still use today…they made. They knew more about it then we do today. They know more about the universe than we do today and yet we wont look further into it and see what we can find out. Or have we already and just have hidden it from the public eye for fear of people going crazy and just living it up before this beautiful creation of life comes to an end.

It is no secret that the world has had global disasters that have wiped out most of the life on this planet. The dinosaurs however they went, the ice age, the great flood from the bible…which happen exactly 3,600 years from the Dec. 21st 2012 date the Mayans and every single other major prophet throughout history predicted for the end of the world. And 3,600 years before that it happened, and before that. But you ask why? How? How is it that they could predict the crazy happenings of current times thousands of years ago with such accuracy? Maybe it had something to do with the 12th planet in our solar system…the so called Niburu or Planet X. A brown dward star that has been tracked since the 80’s by all the major governments. A brown star that is though to have an oliptical orbit that sends it way out of our galaxy and back in coming in between the earth and the sun. The Sumerians knew about it, so did the ancient Egyptians and the Mayans. Many astronomers have said that coming in the next few years weather will get increasingly worse and eventually around 2010-2011 it will become visible in our own sky in the northern hemisphere. They have already said you can see it from the southern part of the planet as it has a southern approach. We have a telescope at the south pole in the perfect location, at the perfect time, to watch this planet as it approaches. It all sounds so far fetched and so out there that most inside the box thinking people will never be able to understand it or think it could be a possibility.

It’s hard to deny the dramatic change in weather we have been seeing the past decade. It’s undeniable that the facts of the history of mankind have been miscued by people who tried to benefit from keeping the rest of us in the dark. It is hard to argue the facts of this when a group of people who they say had primitive tools and abilities knew more about our galaxy than we know right now at this current time. Im sorry if you are one of those simple people who just follow along with the herd and will accept anything they tell you as the truth. Because you are the ones that will be running scared when the shit hit’s the fan in a few years. And yes I know, like I said it all sounds crazy. And to be honest I thought it all was until I looked into Sumerian knowledge and saw their artifacts and the translations of them for myself. They knew exactly how our solar system was aligned 6,000 years ago and we just found out less than 80 years ago?! Come on people…it’s time to demand the truth. Hell we may not ever have to, the truth may reveal itself to us in due time.

One last little bit of food for thought before I leave you to research some more. Every religion in current times follow the same exact story. All the greek gods that equaled 12 or 15 I cant remember…were the same as the Sumerians living gods. So let me ask you, if we are here whats to say that there isn’t another planet out there light years away that has life on it. And whats to say they weren’t just like us curious about whats out there…or they needed to find another livable planet or hell they could of just needed resources. But whats to say that someone hasn’t come here before. Every “primitive” civilization spoke of gods who came down to visit them from the heavens. And there are glyphs and writtings on walls and in stone portraying their gods in space craft like crafts going into the heavens. A lot of which look eerily similar to the UFO’s we see in videos and pictures today. Im not saying it’s the truth, Im just saying there are a lot of facts to back up the fact that we were genetically created by another form of life thousands of years ago. And archeologists and historians believe it was to mine gold in and around Africa to save the atmosphere of their home planet. The Sumerians called them the Annunaki…we just call them aliens. But whatever they are if they do exist if they did exists…if they did come here and are waiting to come back…if the Sumerian text’s from over 6,000 years ago are right…we are in for one hell of a ride the next few years. If it’s all true we will be the generation that has to keep mankind alive. We are close to extinction. Whether by nuclear war or an asteroid or something too the same effect from space…we are close. Very few of us will be prepared and many people will suffer and struggle to survive every single day until one day the 10th or 12th planet, Niburu, will leave our part of the galaxy setting everything right again and we are left in the stoneage to fend for ourselves. Even if it is all a big load of crap that was created by an ancient civilization…like that would happen…it gives you something to think about…and even more, gives you something to look into yourself. These are real events, real people, real places, real atronomical symbols, real history. I suggest you stop thinking I am an out there crazy whack job and just look into a few of these things.

Here are a list of a few terms to google or bing or whatever you do to search…or even you tube it. Im serious, just spend 10 minutes looking at the info, at the videos about these things and I promise you it will intice you to want to know more. It’s interesting and the historical facts of all this are almost impossible to debunk. So here you go search some of these terms.

Sumerians, Annunaki, Planet X, Niburu,

Just from the four terms you will find so much honest facts of history that will make you think and interest you more than any other part of history ever has. I would honestly like some feedback from you guys on what you find. I am always open to talking to any of you about it…because being prepared may be the only thing that saves our race from extinction. Whether by our own hands or forces beyond our control. Just look into it and tell me what you think…I promise if your not a stuck up ass hole and are willing and able to think outside the norm…which most of us are….this will get your gears turning…and hopefully can answer some questions about everything starting to happen right now that you may have or things that have happened in the past. Get informed SCW…I would hate to be the only one who truly wants to know the truth. I would feel lonely.

Please send me your feedback…or post in a response. Tell me what you find because we all pick out certain facts and it helps to get a lot of opinions. I look forward to hearing your ideas on the matter.

Ancient Mesopotamia was a rich and fertile and watered by two great Rivers: The Tigris and The Euphrates.

Mesopotamia was inhabited by two great ancient people’s: The Semities (North and Central) and The Sumerians (South).

The Sumerians were likely related to the Indus River Valley peoples who built the Harappan civilization.

Like the ancient Egyptians, the people of Mesopotamia harnessed rich potential of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers by the use of extensive irrigation systems. Their Major crops: barley, wheat, beans, onions, and dates.

Sumer: Circa 3000 BC (same time of Menes, Pharaoh of Egypt)

Civilization arises in Mesopotamia.  A dozen city-states appear, Some being: Ur, Uruk, Erida, and Nippur.  The Sumerian city-states, each being indivudually ruled and independant, thrive in intensive agriculture using irrigation techniques.  They are ruled by a priest-king. Step pyramids called ziggurats are built in devotion to many gods or goddesses.
Sumerians develop a writing system, Called cuneiform (means “nail shapes” in latin.)
Whereby the small triangle shaped markings are pressed into wet clay tablets in different combinations to write and repeat words.

In 2300, Sargon of Akkad, King of Kush (A Semitie City-State), unites the lands of the Semite Akkadians, and then conquers and unites all of the Sumerian city-states into Mesopotamia’s first great empire.

Source: Wikipedia Pictures

Ziggurats

Ziggurats were built to house the kings and princes and also rulers of Sumer. They where commonly known as temples and they were built on platforms. According to www.mesopotamia.co.uk they were made from mud-bricks from about the year 2000BC and onwards. They grew rapidly and soon were in many Sumerian cities. And also later on other Mesopotamia cities built them. So far no historian knows why exactly the ziggurats were built or how they used them (e.g. to store treasure??)

From about 4000BC all ziggurats were built on top of massive mud brick platforms and the favourite god’s ziggurats could be found in the center of most popular Sumerian cities. Oddly the Sumerians believed that the gods came from behind the mountains. Some people also think that the ziggurats were made to look like that mountains themselves.

Aprox. C.2100BC there was a Ziggurat that was built in honor of the god Sin in the Ur. It was built by King Ur-Nammu as a tribute to that God. The king named it Etemennigur which literally means ‘House whose foundation creates terror.’

Ur-Nammu

Ur-Nammu ruled between the time periods of c.2112-2095BC and he was the one who found the 3rd dynasty of Ur. He ruled for 18 years until when he died in battle. Thereon after his son Shulgi succeeded him. Ur-Nammu also was remembered for making a legal code. The Code of Ur-Nammu. He also was known for being the leader of making the Ziggurat of Ur.

Where Was Mesopotamia?

The blue line indicates Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia Cuts in through Iraq and moves into Syria Partially. As you can see by the map. Ur is near the bottom of Mesopotamia as that is where Sumer is. Sumer is exactly at the bottom half of Mesopotamia. You then have Babylonia and Assyria with the other 2 thirds.

Sumerian Technology

The Sumerians weren’t as well developed like us modern people. Their technology wasn’t computers and the top of the line gizmos and gadgets. No they had simple technology. They were one of the first ones in the Bronze Age to use metals such as copper and iron to make armor and weapons such as spears maces and swords. Metal wasn’t only used to make weapons of destruction. They were also used to decorate palaces

The Royal Tombs At Ur

The royal tombs at Ur were burial places for the gods and kings of Ur. From the years 1922 till 1934 C.Leonard Woolley dug up the old burials in search of remains of the old history. Most of the Tombs were all grave robbed and had certain traps in them. C.Leonard Woolley found over 1800 tombs but 16 of them contained special and valuable objects. So he therefore called those 16 tombs the ‘Royal Tombs’. Once word got out that Woolley found such treasure all were fascinated by his discoveries.

There seems to be a contradiction concerning the animals that Noah took aboard the Ark.

“And of every living thing of all flesh, two of every sort shalt thou bring into the ark, to keep them alive with thee; they shall be male and female. Of fowls after their kind, and of cattle after their kind, two of every sort shall come unto thee, to keep them alive.”

- Genesis 6:19-20

“Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.”

- Genesis 7:2-3

So, is it two of every animal and bird? Or is seven of every clean beast and two of every unclean beast?

The reason behind this discrepancy is ultimately a simple thing. For generations, the story was passed down verbally before being written. Biblical archaeology has proven that there were different versions of Genesis, and other books, in circulation a thousand years earlier than we’d previously thought. Two separate details of two versions became juxtaposed into the final version; this happens often in such cases.

As I went on to study other aspects of ancient history – Stonehenge, the Great Pyramid, Native America, and much more – the Noah story kept coming back to me, until I decided that I had to look into it.

In a nutshell, here’s what I’ve found:

The Black Sea once was a fresh-water lake. It was two-thirds its current size. And some believe that there were Neolithic people living along its shores, which evidence does suggest.

There was only a tiny valley separating the lake from the Mediterranean Sea. Toward the end of the last Ice Age, about twelve thousand years ago, much of the fresh water evaporated; thus, the lake began to shrink.

But the Mediterranean was swollen with glacial melt-water. It flooded, submerging the little valley and pouring into the lake. Fresh water conquered by salt water, in essence. This transformed the small lake into what we know today as the Black Sea.

As far as we can tell, the earliest flood myth comes from the Sumerians, ancestors to the Babylonians and present-day Iraqis. It is the Epic of Gilgamesh.

The parallels between the Epic of Gilgamesh and the story of Noah are almost uncanny. Both tell of a patriarch who received divine warning of a coming flood. The patriarch was ordered to build a vessel, which would carry him, his family, and animals. Both stories even include the release of a dove, and the rainbow in the sky when the flood abates.

It could be that the Sumerians knew about the flood and developed the story of Gilgamesh. We can postulate that the story got passed around, until different nations and cultures in the region had a version, each reflecting certain nationalities and religions.

It could also be that the Hebrew, descendants of the Sumerians (and once victims of Babylonian conquest), took the story and added a Jewish spin to it.

That, however, is up for debate.

Yet, we should remember that the flood myths that inspire Jews, Christians and Muslims come from the Mid-East, the very region where these three faiths began.

(On a side note, other cultures, including the Maya (of Central America) had similar Flood legends. There are flood myths from China, India . . . all over the world. Each reflects a man and his family building some sort of vessel that will save them from the deluge, though each reflects particular nationalities, customs and religions.)

What does the geology do for the story of Noah? Not much, really.

The geology proves that a great flood from the pregnant Mediterranean created the Black Sea. We know that this is the home region of Noah and the Hebrew people; also, the various cultures that interacted with them. But the geology cannot prove anything of Noah or, for that matter, Gilgamesh.

But would Neolithic people have known about the flood that happened after the last Ice Age? No one can say for sure, but I would think that an advanced culture such as the Sumerians would have known something of it. They had knowledge of the stars that mirrors our own; their stone tablets show that they knew about Pluto six thousand years ago.

How they would know is another story altogether. Yet there must have been survivors – perhaps a man and his family – that passed down the story of the Flood.

Some believers take the story of Noah literally. Others take it symbolically, as a beacon of hope in dire times. But for believers and non-believers alike, it’s a matter of interpretation.

It’s not my job to prove or disprove any myth or legend. Whether any ancient story is true or not is a matter of belief. As a researcher, I see my job as trying to find how these stories develop and, possibly, why.

In either case, we know that a flood happened. It’s only natural, after all, for glaciers to melt and to raise the sea level at the end of an ice age. And we know that it was catastrophic; seventy percent of all life perished. It’s my feeling that the flood that created the Black Sea was one of many across the globe. To various cultures, it would appear that the entire world was flooding, for most of them did not know of distant lands.

Even though we’ll probably never know the full truth of the matter, the story of Noah leaves me pondering:

In the wake of our leaving nature behind, if we faced another Ice Age, and then another Flood, would we survive? Our ancestors did; otherwise, we wouldn’t be here. But we have yet to be tested on such a scale.